{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:35:54Z","timestamp":1773282954125,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Imagining Opaque Power. The Production and Consump"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Imagining Opaque Power. The Production and Consump"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The ubiquity of social media platforms fuels heated discussions about algorithms and selection biases leading people into online \u201cecho chambers.\u201d Scholars argue that social media deepen societal polarization and fuel political extremism. However, studies often focus on media effects, disregarding individual agency and (sub)cultural values that shape communication. As a strategic case study, this article, based on a mixed-methods analysis, including a social network and qualitative analysis of 1199 comments under four conspiracy theory comment sections on YouTube, questions how insular these spaces are? And how people in these networks communicate? We find that the discussions in our strategically sampled comments sections lie between homogeneous closed debates and open debates. In other words, the networks in our sample vary in their \u201cecho chamberness.\u201d Based on our findings, we contend that variations in the echo chamberness of the various comment sections can be explained via the lens of conspiratorial (sub)cultures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448231162585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T04:44:08Z","timestamp":1681706648000},"page":"7037-7057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Debating (in) echo chambers: How culture shapes communication in conspiracy theory networks on\n                    <i>YouTube<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1675-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamile","family":"Grusauskaite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1688-9468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Jaron","family":"Harambam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Stef","family":"Aupers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Belgium"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0267323111433566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780429452734-4_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","volume-title":"A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America","author":"Barkun M","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barkun M (2006) A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America. 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