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Our study focuses on IRL streams to investigate how the multiple dimensions of social presence (cognitive copresence, psychological involvement, and behavioral interdependence) with the streamers and other viewers are associated with community identification. Through an online survey of 423 IRL stream viewers, our study found that community identification is associated with different dimensions of social presence derived from the streamers and other viewers. Specifically, cognitive copresence was not sufficient to evoke a sense of community. Psychological involvement with the streamers and behavioral interdependence with other viewers were significantly associated with the participants\u2019 community identification. The findings provide support for examining social presence as a multidimensional construct in studying online interactions on platform with asymmetrical affordances in which different groups of users have varying communication affordances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448231176769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T07:30:42Z","timestamp":1686555042000},"page":"379-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Investigating social presence in \u201cIn Real Life\u201d streaming for community building"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0915-7616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Hao","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0807-2714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien Wen (Tina)","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Taiwan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanyi","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Taiwan University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14614448231176769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.411"},{"key":"bibr2-14614448231176769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/324694"},{"key":"bibr3-14614448231176769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474603322761270"},{"key":"bibr4-14614448231176769","volume-title":"4th Annual International Workshop on Presence","author":"Biocca F","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr5-14614448231176769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444803005001913"},{"key":"bibr6-14614448231176769","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 25th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS)","author":"Br\u00fcndl S","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr7-14614448231176769","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691610393980"},{"key":"bibr8-14614448231176769","unstructured":"Ceci L (2023) Live streaming apps: global time spent 2018-2022. 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