{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:19:14Z","timestamp":1783383554240,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001345","name":"Social Science Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Social Data Research and Dissertation Fellowships"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Social Data Research and Dissertation Fellowships"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001345","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fostering skepticism has been seen as key to addressing misinformation on social media. This article reveals that not all skepticism is \u201chealthy\u201d skepticism by theorizing, measuring, and testing the effects of two types of skepticism toward social media misinformation: accuracy- and identity-motivated skepticism. A two-wave panel survey experiment shows that when people\u2019s skepticism toward social media misinformation is driven by accuracy motivations, they are less likely to believe in congruent misinformation later encountered. They also consume more mainstream media, which in turn reinforces accuracy-motivated skepticism. In contrast, when skepticism toward social media misinformation is driven by identity motivations, people not only fall for congruent misinformation later encountered, but also disregard platform interventions that flag a post as false. Moreover, they are more likely to see social media misinformation as favoring opponents and intentionally avoid news on social media, both of which form a vicious cycle of fueling more identity-motivated skepticism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448231179941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T07:53:10Z","timestamp":1687765990000},"page":"522-544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Not all skepticism is \u201chealthy\u201d skepticism: Theorizing accuracy- and identity-motivated skepticism toward social media misinformation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5478-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcom.12166"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2002.tb02541.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-019-09533-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1537592717000949"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08913811.2012.711022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2009.01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","unstructured":"Grieco E (2018) Newsroom employees are less diverse than U.S. workers overall. Pew Research Center. Available at: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/fact-tank\/2018\/11\/02\/newsroom-employees-are-less-diverse-than-u-s-workers-overall\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1920498117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-0833-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2004.tb02613.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650221997719"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","unstructured":"Jones JM (2018) Americans: much misinformation bias inaccuracy in news. Gallup. Available at: news.gallup.com\/opinion\/gallup\/235796\/americans-misinformation-bias-inaccuracy-news.aspx (accessed 16 January 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","unstructured":"Knight Foundation (2022) Media and democracy: unpacking America\u2019s complex views on the digital public square. 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Available at: www.pewresearch.org\/journalism\/2019\/06\/05\/many-americans-say-made-up-news-is-a-critical-problem-that-needs-to-be-fixed\/ (accessed 16 January 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448211018160."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444818758715"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfq076"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03344-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077699011428586"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","unstructured":"Pogue D (2017) The ultimate cure for the fake news epidemic will be more skeptical readers. Scientific American. 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