{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T10:10:01Z","timestamp":1780567801975,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C4158-20G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C4158-20G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines exposure to, perception of, and behavioral responses to misinformation about COVID-19 on social media from the influence of presumed influence (IPI) framework. To understand how the digital information environment of a society shapes the spread and responses to pandemic misinformation, four culturally similar Asian cities\u2014Beijing, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taipei\u2014were selected, generating a sample of 4094 respondents. Our findings suggest a paradox\u2014the more information respondents in the four cities have access to, the less likely they are to view misinformation on COVID-19 and accept it as true without elaboration. Moreover, the study extends IPI theory by demonstrating negative emotions as a mechanism that mediates the relationship between perceived social impact and behavioral intentions. That is, the more respondents perceived misinformation to be harmful, the more negatively they felt about misinformation, which led to greater likelihood of taking restrictive, promotional, and corrective actions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448241252391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T02:04:24Z","timestamp":1715911464000},"page":"5257-5280","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Examining the impact of digital information environments, information processing, and presumed influence on behavioral responses to COVID-19 misinformation in Asia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ran","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ven-Hwei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5682-9876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8455-8308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lingnan University, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack Linchuan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.20634"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15205436.2018.1562076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2017.1331312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","first-page":"3534","article-title":"The moderating role of political ideology: need for cognition, media locus of control, misinformation efficacy, and misperceptions about COVID-19","volume":"16","author":"Borah P","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borah P (2022) The moderating role of political ideology: need for cognition, media locus of control, misinformation efficacy, and misperceptions about COVID-19. International Journal of Communication 16: 3534\u20133559.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.42.1.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2102818119"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/joc\/jqab046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.652140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-08-2020-0386"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2008.01333.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73510-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.11.27.20239970."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2006.00286.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","unstructured":"Edson TJr Kim H Zhang H (2021) Commentary: misinformation threatens Singapore\u2019s COVID-19 vaccination programme. Channel News Asia 12 January. Available at: https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/commentary\/covid-19-coronavirus-conspiracy-misinformation-fake-news-400276"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009365001028005001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14614448211011451"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02586.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-based Approach","author":"Hayes A","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hayes A (2013) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-based Approach. New York: The Guilford Publications."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1464884920937488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17457289.2010.490707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21432\/T2CP4T"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15205436.2014.945650"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650214558252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2021.1903896"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195069945.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"The impact of mobile news use, need for orientation and information environment on political knowledge","volume":"171","author":"Li Z","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li Z, Lo V, Wei R, et al. (2020) The impact of mobile news use, need for orientation and information environment on political knowledge. Journalism Research 171: 105\u2013125.","journal-title":"Journalism Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1075547015616256"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0363"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077699016670122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-020-00982-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532785xmep0104_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion","volume":"19","author":"Petty R","year":"1986","unstructured":"Petty R, Cacioppo J (1986) The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 19: 124\u2013205.","journal-title":"Advances in Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0020174X.2021.2002187."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edq018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19331681.2020.1832012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2022.2109638"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0960085X.2021.1886614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","volume-title":"Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences","author":"Stevens J","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stevens J (1992) Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Earlbaum.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2021.1888452"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650207313167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","first-page":"99","volume-title":"The SAGE Handbook of Media Processes and Effects","author":"Tal-Or N","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tal-Or N, Tsfati Y, Gunther AC (2009) The influence of presumed media influence: origins and implications of the third-person perception. In: Nabi L, Oliver M (eds) The SAGE Handbook of Media Processes and Effects. Los Angeles, CA: Sage, pp. 99\u2013112."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444820968212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2019.1573295"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(10)42002-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1754073913484170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpor\/edn032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780197523728.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","first-page":"2964","article-title":"Examining the relationship between presumed influence of US news about China and the support for the Chinese government\u2019s global public relations campaigns","volume":"11","author":"Wei R","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wei R, Lo VH, Golan G (2017) Examining the relationship between presumed influence of US news about China and the support for the Chinese government\u2019s global public relations campaigns. International Journal of Communication 11: 2964\u20132981.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764208321355"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769901008700310"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","unstructured":"WHO (2020) Managing the COVID-19 Infodemic: Promoting Healthy Behaviours and Mitigating the Harm from Misinformation and Disinformation. World Health Organization. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/23-09-2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10570310009374661"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2002.tb00138.x"}],"container-title":["New Media &amp; Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14614448241252391","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/14614448241252391","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/14614448241252391","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:01:31Z","timestamp":1777694491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/14614448241252391"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/14614448241252391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14614448241252391","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-4448","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7315","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]}}}