{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T02:02:54Z","timestamp":1780365774051,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To assess the treatment efficacy\/efficiency with prefabricated myofunctional appliances (PMA) for children with malocclusion. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data sources:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Nine databases searched without limitations till July 2019. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data selection:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Randomised trials comparing PMAs to functional appliance treatment or no treatment. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data extraction:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were done in duplicate. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data synthesis:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Random-effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) or relative risks (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were conducted on seven publications (three published and one unpublished trials; 232 patients; 53% male; mean age 10.2 years). Compared to no treatment, one trial indicated that PMAs were somewhat effective in reducing overjet (MD \u22122.4; 95% CI \u22123.3 to \u22121.5), reducing overbite (MD \u22122.5; 95% CI \u22123.2 to \u22121.8), reducing mandibular crowding (RR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2\u20130.8) and establishing Class I canine relationship (RR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1\u20134.9). However, compared to custom-made functional appliances, three trials indicated that PMAs were less effective in reducing the ANB angle (MD 0.9; 95% CI 0.5\u20131.4), increasing mandibular ramus length (MD \u22122.2; 95% CI \u22122.9 to \u22121.51), reducing overjet (MD 1.5; 95% CI 0.9\u20132.1), establishing a solid Class I molar relationship (RR 0.3; 95% CI 0.2\u20130.7), reducing the nasolabial angle (MD 5.8; 95% CI 0.8\u201310.8) and reducing facial convexity (MD \u22122.6; 95% CI \u22124.3 to \u22120.9). Finally, the quality of evidence was moderate to low due to risk of bias. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p> PMAs are more effective in reducing overjet, overbite, mandibular crowding and establishing Class I canine relationship than no treatment. However, compared to custom-made functional appliances, PMAs are less effective in producing dental, skeletal or soft-tissue changes, even though they are less costly. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1465312519880558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T08:36:03Z","timestamp":1570696563000},"page":"297-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["What evidence exists for myofunctional therapy with prefabricated appliances? 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