{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:20:08Z","timestamp":1783351208819,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,15]],"date-time":"2022-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthod"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p> To assess the effects of mini-implant assisted micro-osteoperforations (MI-MOPs) in the alignment of mandibular anterior teeth, and to explore the intervention\u2019s associated pain perception (PP) and root resorption (RR) in adults treated by fixed appliance. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Multicentre, two-arm and single-blinded randomised clinical trial. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p> College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Adolescents (mean age = 18.97 years) undergoing non-extraction orthodontic therapy for the management of mandibular anterior crowding. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 33 participants (mean age = 18.97 years) undergoing non-extraction orthodontic therapy for the management of moderate mandibular anterior crowding were allocated to the experimental (MI-MOPs, n = 17) or control groups (non-MI-MOPs, n = 16). A series of lower study models were obtained at week 4 (T1), week 8 (T2) and week 12 (T3) in the MI-MOPs group and continued to week 16 (T4) and week 20 (T5) in the non-MI-MOPs group, with all models analysed digitally. Periapical radiographs (PA) were taken before commencing treatment (T0) and T3. Participants were asked to complete a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) daily during the first week of treatment. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> At T0, the mean Little irregularity index (LII) was 5.1 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.95\u20135.23) with no statistically significant difference between groups ( P = 0.766). At T1, T2 and T3, t-test showed statistically significant differences in the LII ( P &lt; 0.05) in favour of the MI-MOPs group; mean differences (MD) were \u22121.16mm (95% CI = \u22121.36 to \u22120.96), \u22121.77 mm (95% CI = \u22121.93 to \u22121.59) and \u22121.58 mm (95% CI = \u22121.67 to \u22121.48), respectively. Mean treatment time from baseline to final alignment was 10.41 weeks (95% CI = 9.92\u201310.89) in the MI-MOPs group and 16.62 weeks (95% CI = 16.11\u201317.13) in the non-MI-MOPs groups, which was statistically significant (MD \u22126.21 mm, 95% CI = \u22126.88 to \u22125.53, P &lt; 0.05). Conversely, Mann\u2013Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed no significant differences in terms of PP and RR between the groups ( P &gt; 0.05). The participants in the MI-MOPs group experienced a higher degree of RR ( P &lt; 0.05) secondary to intervention. No other significant adverse events were reported during the trial. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> This trial found that combining MI-MOPs with non-extraction-based fixed orthodontic therapy in adults mildly shortens the duration of the alignment phase. RR should be monitored throughout the treatment when using MI-MOPs (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04778241). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/14653125221099038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T21:58:28Z","timestamp":1652911108000},"page":"379-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of mini-implant facilitated micro-osteoperforations on the alignment of mandibular anterior crowding: A randomised controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Al-Attar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Layth","family":"Nissan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Almuzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8171-7465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mushriq","family":"Abid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 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