{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:01:09Z","timestamp":1777939269560,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,1]],"date-time":"2002-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1022889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cholera continues to plague many parts of the world, but has largely been concentrated in Africa, which contributes more than 80% of the total cases worldwide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Natural disasters, like the 2000 floods in Mozambique and the volcanic eruption in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2002, generally lead to new outbreaks of the disease. The refugee problem in many countries throughout the world also causes potential threats for disease outbreaks. Case fatality rates are high, and we are not anywhere near curbing new cholera epidemics, especially in Africa. It is thus imperative to renew discussions about the nature of this deadly disease, its treatment, measures for prevention and control, modes of transmission, its physical, social and economic impact, and potential solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/146642400212200209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,9]],"date-time":"2005-11-09T20:57:56Z","timestamp":1131569876000},"page":"89-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Cholera: a continuous epidemic in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Naidoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Research, BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee, 801 Pine                         Street, Chattanooga, TN 37402-2555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Patric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee, 801 Pine Street, Chattanooga, TN                         37402-2555, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","first-page":"233","volume":"76","author":"WHO","year":"2000","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Cholera outbreak hits DRCongo","author":"BBC","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92447-2"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Guidelines for Cholera Control","author":"WHO","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook","author":"United States Food and Drug Administration","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/129.1.45"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005103221905"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80374-3"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"229","volume":"15","author":"Bennish ML.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vibrio cholerae and cholera"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"297","volume":"19","author":"Swerdlow DL","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vibrio cholerae and cholera"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.1.2"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"New formula for oral rehydration salts will save millions of lives","author":"WHO","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Management of the Patient with Cholera","author":"WHO","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Potential Use of Oral Cholera Vaccines in Emergency Situations","author":"WHO","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0707.017741"},{"issue":"78","key":"atypb16","first-page":"A6","volume":"131","author":"Cohen M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chattanooga Times"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1988.39.484"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Urgent WHO Interregional Meeting, Horn of Africa","author":"WHO"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800067418"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"233","volume":"76","author":"WHO","year":"2001","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiol Rec"},{"issue":"19","key":"atypb21","first-page":"389","volume":"47","author":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"atypb22","first-page":"201","volume":"73","author":"WHO","year":"1997","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiol Rec"},{"issue":"10","key":"atypb23","first-page":"837","volume":"77","author":"Legros D","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org"},{"issue":"10","key":"atypb24","first-page":"829","volume":"77","author":"Kravitz JD","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)05546-3"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Epidemic Diarrhoeal Disease and Response - 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