{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:01:30Z","timestamp":1788523290487,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The market for non-conventional, natural herbal medicines is growing. This marketing opportunity has been seized upon by some unscrupulous practitioners to sell potentially unsafe \u2018herbal\u2019 products. Several people attended a Chinese herbalist for weight loss advice and were sold \u2018herbal\u2019 preparations that contained fenfluramine, a drug which was withdrawn from sale in the West in 1997 after its use was linked to primary pulmonary hypertension and valvular heart disease. Adulteration of Chinese medicines with Western drugs is becoming an increasing problem, and deaths have been reported from Japan and other Far Eastern countries linked to Chinese slimming aids containing N-nitroso-fenfluramine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>There is a need for increased public awareness of such risks associated with the use of unlicensed medicines; a system of registration for medical herbalists is also required to protect both the reputable practitioners and the general public.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/146642400212200407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,9]],"date-time":"2005-11-09T20:57:56Z","timestamp":1131569876000},"page":"213-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Risks associated with herbal slimming remedies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Corns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Southend Hospital NHS Trust, Prittlewell                         Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex SS0 0RY, England,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Southend Hospital NHS Trust, Prittlewell Chase,                         Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex SS0 0RY, England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.18.1569"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.3.337"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"A Guide to What is a Medicinal Product","author":"Medical Control Agency","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04312.x"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809173391214"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200103000-00009"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200012213432502"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7338.679"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.70.6.537"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.74.6.660"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199608293350901"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199708283370901"},{"key":"atypb13","unstructured":"Fen-phen maker agrees to $3.75 billion settlement. CNN 1999, 8 October.                 Available online at:                 www.cnn.com\/health\/diet.fitness\/9910\/08\/fen.phen\/index.html (accessed 23                 August 2002)"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200012213432501"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"798","volume":"16","author":"Mattei A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"916","volume":"16","author":"Castot A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"atypb17","first-page":"92","volume":"16","author":"Pauwels A","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"atypb18","first-page":"15","volume":"19","author":"Stengel B","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nephrologie"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92984-2"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"128","volume":"149","author":"Vanherweghem JL.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bull Mem Acad R Med Belg"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.1998.4.1-9"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/11.7.1359"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"Renal failure associated with Aristolochia in some Chinese herbal medicines","author":"Committee on Safety of Medicines","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb24","volume-title":"Proposals to Protect the Public from Unlicensed Medicines Containing the Herbal Ingredient Aristolochia","author":"Medicines Control Agency","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Herbal Safety News 2002, 19 July","author":"Medical Control Agency."},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"FDA warns consumers against nature\u2019s nutrition formula one","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7044.1441"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/jcj.64.218"},{"key":"atypb29","unstructured":"Hong Kong Department of Health. Department of Health instructs recall of                 \u201cslimming health food\u201d. Press Release 30 March 2001. Available                 online at: www.info.gov.hk\/gia\/general\/200103\/30\/0330247.htm (accessed 3                 September 2002)"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"The Straits Times Interactive 2000, May","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb31","unstructured":"Hall K. Deadly diets. DietFraud.com 2002, 19 July. Available                 online at:                 www.dietfraud.com\/HerbalNews\/Diet-Teas\/cbs020719chinesedeaths.html                 (accessed 23 August 2002)"},{"key":"atypb32","unstructured":"Japanese cities recall Chinese diet pills. Associated Press 2002. Available                 from Associated Press archive at: www.ap.org (accessed 23 August 2002)"},{"key":"atypb33","unstructured":"Death of Japanese man linked to Chinese diet pills. Reuters 2002, 1 August.                 Available from Reuters at: www.reuters.com (accessed 23 August 2002)"},{"key":"atypb34","volume-title":"FDA News 2002, 13 August","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"UPDATE 1 - Chinese diet pills kills one, sicken 11 in Japan","author":"Lies E.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb36","unstructured":"Cullen LT. Asia\u2019s killer diet pills. Time Asia 2002, 12 August.                 Available on-line at: www.time.com\/time\/asia\/magazine\/article\/0,13673,501020812-333902,00.html"},{"key":"atypb37","volume-title":"China\u2019s thriving trade in fake drugs kills thousands a year","author":"Fackler M.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb38","volume-title":"possible impact of the proposed Directive on Traditional Medicinal Products on herbal products","author":"McIntyre M. 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