{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:22:20Z","timestamp":1783034540502,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]],"date-time":"2005-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1120176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are poorly recognised and inadequately treated in Nigeria despite the fact that they constitute a major risk factor for sexual transmission of HIV infection. This study was carried out to ascertain STI\/HIV co-infection rates and also to obtain relevant socio-demographic and reproductive health data associated with STI\/HIV infections among special treatment clinic (STC) attendees. This information is urgently needed for designing STI\/HIV control strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>All consenting patients who attended the STC clinic from March to November 2001 were interviewed to obtain their socio-demographic and reproductive health data. Urethral, high vaginal and endocervical swabs and urine specimens were obtained and processed by standard methods. HIV screening was done by double ELISA tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 210 patients seen, 98 (46.7%) were male and 112 (53.3%) were female (p&gt;0.05). The majority, 171 (81.4%) were aged 20-39 years, while only ten (4.8%) were adolescents. One-hundred-and-eighty (85.7%) had an STI, of which 41 (22.8%) were co-infected with HIV. Thirty (16.7%) patients with nongonococcal urethritis\/cervicitis and five (2.8%) with gonorrhoea were also positive for HIV. Five patients were HIV positive but had no other STI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Patients with gonorrhoea, non-gonococcal urethritis\/cervicitis, trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis were more likely than those with warts, candidiasis and herpes to have co-infection (X\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    =12.5, p=0.04). The study\u00eds HIV prevalence rate was 21.9%. STI\/HIV co-infection rate was significantly higher among unskilled and unemployed patients compared with professional and skilled workers (p&lt;0.05).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study shows a high STI\/HIV co-infection rate indicating that there is need for proper management of STI, as this will help curb the spread of HIV infection in Nigeria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/146642400512500413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]],"date-time":"2006-02-16T18:59:04Z","timestamp":1140116344000},"page":"186-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence of STI\/HIV co-infections among special treatment clinic attendees                 in Ibadan, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"Aderemi O","family":"Kehinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University                         College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria Tel: +234 (0)2 241 0088 ext 2722"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiwo O","family":"Lawoyin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University College                         Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria Tel: +234 (0)2 241 0088 ext 2722"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Global Report on HIV\/AIDS Epidemic","author":"UNAIDS","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199106000-00011"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"AIDS Palliative Care","author":"UNAIDS","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095646240101200114"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): The Bank's Agenda for Action in Africa","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"12","volume-title":"Children and Women's Right in Nigeria, Situation Assessment and Analysis","author":"UNICEF","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"National AIDS & STD Control Program: HIV Syphilis seroprevalence survey","author":"Federal Ministry of Health","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"94","volume-title":"Cowan and Steel's Manual for the identification of Medical Bacteria","author":"Cowan ST","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Proceedings of the XIV International AIDS Conference","author":"Kehinde AO"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"5","volume":"2","author":"Asuzu MC","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Comm Med PHC"},{"issue":"4","key":"atypb11","first-page":"363","volume":"23","author":"Ekweozor CC","year":"1994","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)93005-8"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/146642400512500413","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/146642400512500413","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:19:21Z","timestamp":1777699161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/146642400512500413"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/146642400512500413"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/146642400512500413","relation":{},"ISSN":["1466-4240"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1466-4240","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]}}}