{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T02:39:16Z","timestamp":1778639956668,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]],"date-time":"1990-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":654739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society of Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>IN JULY 1988 the drinking water supply of part of Cornwall was contaminated with 20 tons of aluminium sulphate solution. Emergency measures ensured that aluminium sulphate levels in most parts of the water distribution system were rapidly reduced, but residents were supplied with water containing raised concentra tions of aluminium and other metals for at least a few days. A retrospective cohort study compared 480 individuals in the exposed area with 532 individuals resident in an area served by a different water supply. The exposed group were more likely to complain of all 18 symptoms in the questionnaire enquiry. They had a significantly higher relative risk of experiencing painful joints. These symptoms were reported by less than a quarter of the respondents exposed to contaminated water. This may represent a previously unrecognised acute effect of water contammation with aluminium sulphate, but the study does not exclude the possibility that the threshold for symptom reporting was lowered by anxiety and by the publicity associated with the incident. The overall response rate of the study was low (45%) and reflects the difficulties in both carrying out and interpreting environmental epidemiological studies of acute incidents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/146642409011000507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T13:36:39Z","timestamp":1190122599000},"page":"166-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Water Contamination in North Cornwall: A Retrospective Cohort Study into the Acute and Short- Term Effects of the Aluminium Sulphate Incident in July 1988"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Rowland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Health Authority, Department of Community Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Grainger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Health Authority, Department of Community Medicine, Department of Public Health, St Helier, Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Stanwell","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol and Weston Health Authority, Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Colindale, London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol and Weston Health Authority, Department of Public Health Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Lecturer, University of Bristol, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Report of an Inquiry into an incident at Lowermoor Water Treatment Works of South West Water Authority on 6th July 1988","author":"Lawrence J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Office of Population Censuses & Surveys 1981 Census","year":"1983"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminium","author":"Ganrot P.O."},{"key":"atypb4","first-page":"363","volume":"65","year":"1986","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197706162962407"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.3.539"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90020-2"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/25.10.1739"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"103","author":"Cumming A.D.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90191-5"},{"key":"atypb11","unstructured":"Smith G.D., Winney R.J. Aluminium osteomalacia \u2014 response to reverse osmosis water treatment In: Taylor A., Ed. Aluminium and other trace elements in renal disease. Balli\u00e8re Tindell , 1986; 98-107."},{"key":"atypb12","series-title":"Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia","year":"1982","edition":"28"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"1390","author":"Brocks A.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Acute intravenous zinc poisoning."},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"13 14th Report of the Joint FAO\/SHO Export Committee on Food additives","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6484.1800"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Royal Society of Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/146642409011000507","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/146642409011000507","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:52:01Z","timestamp":1777697521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/146642409011000507"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,10]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/146642409011000507"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/146642409011000507","relation":{},"ISSN":["0264-0325"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0264-0325","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,10]]}}}