{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:18:44Z","timestamp":1778217524732,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the genetic factors for coronary artery diseases, PAI-1 4G\/5G and ACE I\/D polymorphisms can be noted. This study was carried out to investigate the association of these two polymorphisms and their synergism in coronary artery disease (CAD) from a sample of the Iranian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-one patients with a history of CAD and 92 healthy controls participated in our study. After DNA extraction from leukocytes, PCR was performed to characterize PAI-1 4G\/5G and ACE I\/D polymorphisms, using an amplification refractory mutation system technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the studied patients, PAI-1 polymorphisms were 24.6%, 45.9%, and 29.5% for 4G\/4G, 4G\/5G and 5G\/5G, respectively; the values for controls were 20.7%, 42.2% and 37.0%. The distribution rates of genotypes I\/I, I\/D and D\/D in patients accounted for 29.5%, 45.9% and 24.6%; in the control group these figures were estimated to be 40.2%, 40.2% and 19.6%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single and multivariate analyses showed a significant difference for the conventional risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking and family history, for CAD between patients and controls ( p value \u2264 0.001). However, no significant correlation was demonstrated considering ACE and PAI-1 polymorphisms either in association with 4G\/4G or D\/D genotypes or a combination of them in the Iranian population in the current study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320314561247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]],"date-time":"2014-12-12T22:27:29Z","timestamp":1418423249000},"page":"1168-1174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Polymorphism and synergism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (\n                    <i>ACE<\/i>\n                    ) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (\n                    <i>PAI-1<\/i>\n                    ) genes in coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Sakhteh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behzad","family":"Poopak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naser","family":"Amirizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Institute of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmadreza","family":"Shamshiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Center,Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdolhamid","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Faranoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1470320314561247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2005.1.442"},{"key":"bibr2-1470320314561247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.4.2521"},{"key":"bibr3-1470320314561247","volume-title":"Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control","author":"Mendis 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