{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T01:01:42Z","timestamp":1780448502924,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The efficacy of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in reducing cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and overt nephropathy is still a controversial issue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirteen trials containing 4638 patients with diabetes and overt nephropathy were included. Compared with controls, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor\/angiotensin receptor blocker treatment did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular events (odds ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 1.03, P=0.18; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.0%, P=0.75). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor\/angiotensin receptor blocker therapy reduced the odds of heart failure events by 29% (0.71, 0.61 to 0.83, P&lt;0.001; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0%, P=0.78). The results indicated no significant differences between the two treatment regimens with regard to the frequency of MI (0.95, 0.76 to 1.19, P=0.64), stroke (1.20, 0.83 to 1.74, P=0.32), cardiovascular death (1.26, 0.96 to 1.65, P=0.09) and all-cause mortality (0.98, 0.86 to 1.12, P=0.73). Among all kinds of adverse effects, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor\/angiotensin receptor blocker therapy increased the incidence of hyperkalemia (2.26, 1.42 to 3.61, P=0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers did not reduce cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and overt nephropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320318803495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]],"date-time":"2018-10-09T03:33:23Z","timestamp":1539056003000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and overt nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Shunan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Jiqing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4732-178X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61350-6"},{"key":"bibr2-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60572-8"},{"key":"bibr3-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.09.010"},{"key":"bibr4-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12168"},{"key":"bibr5-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)12323-7"},{"key":"bibr6-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08090-X"},{"key":"bibr7-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011161"},{"key":"bibr8-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2325-z"},{"key":"bibr9-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"bibr10-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.480"},{"key":"bibr11-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)70256-1"},{"key":"bibr12-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-7-200304010-00010"},{"key":"bibr13-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6823.339"},{"key":"bibr14-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403380"},{"key":"bibr15-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1000732"},{"key":"bibr16-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311113292004"},{"key":"bibr17-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.7.1182"},{"key":"bibr18-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.299.6698.533"},{"key":"bibr19-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01194.x"},{"key":"bibr20-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.12.1725"},{"key":"bibr21-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq792"},{"key":"bibr22-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2009060593"},{"key":"bibr23-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440030080010"},{"key":"bibr24-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.10.011"},{"key":"bibr25-1470320318803495","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62459-4"}],"container-title":["Journal 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