{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T12:24:31Z","timestamp":1787574271646,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC 112-2314-B-242-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2314-B-242-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dementia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most family caregivers of people living with dementia in Taiwan only receive initial dementia-related information after diagnosis, with limited subsequent training in dementia care management, which may contribute to caregiver stress. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of the Watch\u2013Assess\u2013Need Intervention\u2013Think (WANT) model education and training program in enhancing family caregivers\u2019 dementia care competence and self-efficacy. A pre-post experimental design was conducted with a mixed-methods approach for data collection. Ninety family caregivers of people living with dementia recruited from the communities were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received the WANT program for one month, while the control group maintained their usual lifestyle. This study utilized a demographic questionnaire, a dementia care competence scale, and a dementia care self-efficacy scale to collect pre- and post-test data. Additionally, qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results showed that dementia care competence, knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy of the experimental group significantly improved; however, the program led to only a minor change in attitude. There was no significant difference across variables for the control group. The qualitative interviews generated three themes: (1) acquiring knowledge and caregiving skills to effectively respond behavioral expressions; (2) acquiring self-adjustment methods to improve relationships with family members with dementia; (3) changing attitudes to learn to care for and empathize with family members of people living with dementia. Overall,\u00a0the WANT program effectively enhanced participants\u2019 knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy. Participants developed self-regulation strategies, improved their relationships with family members living with dementia, and strengthened their ability to understand and respond to behavioral expressions. The WANT program can be applied in future to support family caregivers in providing person-centered responses to behavioral expressions and improving caregiving outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14713012261478973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T05:46:22Z","timestamp":1787204782000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Watch\u2013Assess\u2013Need Intervention\u2013Think Model Education and Training Program for Family Caregivers in Dementia Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Yueh-Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-Jy","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Fen","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0157-9256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ya-Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153331759601100603"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","unstructured":"Alzheimer's Disease International. 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The global voice on dementia. https:\/\/www.alzint.org\/resource\/world-alzheimer-report-2022\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2024.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18187\/pjsor.v4i1.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1990.tb03495.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2011.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105492"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz047"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs15101417"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2024.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4965"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","first-page":"1016","article-title":"What is analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and how to correctly report its results in medical research?","volume":"49","author":"Khammar A.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khammar A., Yarahmadi M., Madadizadeh F. (2020). What is analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and how to correctly report its results in medical research? Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(5), 1016\u20131017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/ijph.v49i5.3227","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-024-02602-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S361071"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2022). Dementia prevention care policy framework and action plan 2.0. (Original work published in Chinese). https:\/\/www.mohw.gov.tw\/dl-77702-2060aef3-99b0-48b0-97ff-53d1210b6acf.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2025). Long-term care ten-year plan 2.0-long-term care service coverage. (Original work published in Chinese). https:\/\/1966.gov.tw\/LTC\/lp-6485-207.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","volume-title":"Qualitative evaluation and research methods","author":"Patton M. Q.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Patton M. Q. (2001). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications, Inc.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610220004019"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny016"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12263"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","unstructured":"Taiwan Alzheimer's Disease Association. (2025). About dementia. (Original work published in Chinese). https:\/\/www.tada2002.org.tw\/About\/IsntDementia"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","unstructured":"Tseng H. Y. (2020). Exploratory study of the impact of demographics social support needs and long-term care needs with regard to family caregivers for person with dementia. 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