{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T22:47:12Z","timestamp":1791154032759,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteolysis induced by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles is the major cause of long-term failure of artificial joints. We examined the effects of wear particles on bioactivity by analysing the biophysical aspects of particle phagocytosis. We estimated the maximum number of internalized particles (the phagocytic capacity) for particles of various sizes and shapes. We demonstrated that elongated particles had a smaller phagocytic capacity than spherical particles of the same volume. A review of the literature showed that the ratio of particle concentration (number of particles\/number of cells) to phagocytic capacity is critical for particle-induced biological responses. When this ratio was &lt; 1, the biological response was approximately proportional to the ratio itself. When this ratio was &gt; 1, limited changes in the biological response were observed. The saturation level of the phagocytic capacity for a particle population appears to reflect the degree of polyethylene particle-induced biological response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000603400611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T14:22:43Z","timestamp":1361974963000},"page":"655-664","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Potential Role of Phagocytic Capacity in the Osteolytic Process Induced by Polyethylene Wear Particles"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"H-W","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology and Institute of Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-B","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-H","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-H","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H-L","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology and Institute of Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S-B","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-147323000603400611","first-page":"46","volume":"311","author":"Harris WH","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"bibr2-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820110202"},{"key":"bibr3-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274060-00006"},{"key":"bibr4-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199203000-00016","volume":"276","author":"Wright TM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"bibr5-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199701)34:1<57::AID-JBM8>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"bibr6-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820290118"},{"key":"bibr7-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.76B1.8300684"},{"key":"bibr8-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199509000-00002"},{"key":"bibr9-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199723)38:3<203::AID-JBM4>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"bibr10-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(19980915)41:4<600::AID-JBM12>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"bibr11-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820280111"},{"key":"bibr12-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.593"},{"key":"bibr13-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1982.242.5.C339"},{"key":"bibr14-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S100050010060"},{"key":"bibr15-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.88.3.509"},{"key":"bibr16-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)83078-9"},{"key":"bibr17-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(98)00140-9"},{"key":"bibr18-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mawe.200300683"},{"key":"bibr19-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.10067"},{"key":"bibr20-147323000603400611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang HW, Hsu SM, Sengers JV: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particle effects on bioactivity. 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