{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:11:10Z","timestamp":1785453070790,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study compared the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal (IT) morphine plus IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine with IV PCA morphine alone in 33 patients undergoing thoracotomy randomized to two groups: the IT morphine group ( n = 17) received 10 \u03bcg\/kg morphine 1 h before the end of surgery, while the control group ( n = 16) did not. All patients had access to an IV PCA pump post-operatively that delivered 2 mg morphine boluses. Post-operative pain and sedation scores, respiratory and haemodynamic parameters, and morphine demand and delivery were assessed up to 48 h. Post-operative pain scores and morphine consumption were significantly reduced, while peak expiratory flow rates were significantly increased in the IT morphine group compared with controls. We concluded that IT morphine in addition to IV PCA established superior analgesia and maintained better respiratory function compared with IV PCA alone in post-thoracotomy patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000703500305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T14:22:43Z","timestamp":1361974963000},"page":"314-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Efficacy of Intrathecal Morphine in Post-thoracotomy Pain Management"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"FZ","family":"Askar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kocabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, 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