{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:34:00Z","timestamp":1777725240746,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]],"date-time":"2009-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Med Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of midazolam used with low concentration inhaled anaesthetics on the bispectral index (BIS) was investigated after fetal expulsion during caesarean section. Forty-five patients undergoing caesarean section received either normal saline (control, n = 15), or an intravenous bolus of 0.03 mg\/kg ( n = 15) or 0.05 mg\/kg ( n = 15) midazolam. Changes in BIS and maternal haemodynamics were monitored before induction, on intubation, at uterine incision, on delivery, at 3, 5 and 10 min after fetal expulsion, at subcutaneous tissue closure, at skin closure, on eye opening and at extubation. BIS values in the group that received 0.05 mg\/kg midazolam were significantly lower than in the other two groups at 3, 5 and 10 min after fetal expulsion, and at subcutaneous tissue closure and skin closure. Values of BIS &lt; 60 could only be maintained with 0.05 mg\/kg midazolam and there was no delay in maternal emergence or recovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000903700118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T14:22:43Z","timestamp":1361974963000},"page":"154-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effects of Midazolam on the Bispectral Index after Fetal Expulsion in Caesarean Section under General Anaesthesia with Sevoflurane"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"S-J","family":"Ok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W-Y","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y-S","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K-G","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H-W","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M-S","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J-H","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y-C","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-147323000903700118","first-page":"350","volume-title":"Dripps, Eckenhoff, Vandam Introduction to Anesthesia: Principles of Safe Practice","author":"Gutsche BB","year":"1997","edition":"9"},{"key":"bibr2-147323000903700118","unstructured":"Shnider SM, Levinson G (eds): Anesthesia for Obstetrics, 3rd edn. 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