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This study compared concentrations of three cytokines (interferon-\u03b3 and interleukin [IL]\u22122 and \u22124) and soluble Fas ligand in serum and pleural effusions from 36 patients with tuberculous pleurisy, 30 with malignant pleurisy and 30 healthy volunteers. Interferon-\u03b3 concentration was significantly higher in serum and pleural effusions, and the concentration of soluble Fas ligand was significantly higher in pleural effusion, from patients with tuberculous pleurisy than in those with malignant pleurisy. Levels of IL-2 and IL-4 were also raised in serum, but failed to reach statistical significance. Interferon-\u03b3 and soluble Fas ligand levels were significantly higher in pleural effusion than in serum. Pleural soluble Fas ligand concentrations correlated linearly with those of interferon-\u03b3 in patients with tuberculous pleurisy. These findings suggest a predominant T-helper-1 response to M. tuberculosis infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/147323001003800621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,27]],"date-time":"2013-02-27T14:22:55Z","timestamp":1361974975000},"page":"2063-2069","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Differential Levels of Cytokines and Soluble Fas Ligand between Tuberculous and Malignant Effusions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"H-Y","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 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