{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T03:14:44Z","timestamp":1777778084937,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]],"date-time":"2014-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Information Visualization"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Evacuation of large urban structures, such as campus buildings, arenas, or stadiums, is of prime interest to emergency responders and planners. Although there is a large body of work on evacuation algorithms and their application, most of these methods are impractical to use in real-world scenarios (nonreal-time, for instance) or have difficulty handling scenarios with dynamically changing conditions. Our overall goal in this work is toward developing computer visualizations and real-time visual analytic tools for evacuations of large groups of buildings, and in the long term, integrate this with the street networks in the surrounding areas. A key aspect of our system is to provide situational awareness and decision support to first responders and emergency planners. In our earlier work, we demonstrated an evacuation system that employed a modified variant of a heuristic-based evacuation algorithm, which (1) facilitated real-time complex user interaction with first responder teams, in response to information received during the emergency; (2) automatically supported visual reporting tools for spatial occupancy, temporal cues, and procedural recommendations; and (3) multi-scale building models, heuristic evacuation models, and unique graph manipulation techniques for producing near real-time situational awareness. The system was tested in collaboration with our campus police and safety personnel, via a tabletop exercise consisting of three different scenarios. In this work, we have redesigned the system to be able to handle larger groups of buildings, in order to move toward a full-campus evacuation system. We demonstrate an evacuation simulation involving 22 buildings in the University of North Carolina, Charlotte campus. Second, the implementation has been redesigned as a WebGL application, facilitating easy dissemination and use by stakeholders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1473871613516292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]],"date-time":"2014-01-07T23:41:16Z","timestamp":1389138076000},"page":"204-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Interactive analysis and visualization of situationally aware building evacuations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Guest","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Charlotte Visualization Center, Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Eaglin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charlotte Visualization Center, Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}]},{"given":"Kalpathi","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charlotte Visualization Center, Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Ribarsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charlotte Visualization Center, Department of Computer Science, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1473871613516292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu Q, George B, Shekhar S. Capacity constrained routing algorithms for evacuation planning: a summary of results. vol. 3633. 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Principles and concepts of agent-based modelling for developing geospatial simulations. Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis working paper series 110, 6 September 2006. London: University College London, pp. 1\u201352. 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