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The massive volume and complexity of timber shipments and obfuscations within international trade data, intentional or not, necessitates an automated system to aid in detecting specific shipments that potentially contain illegally harvested wood. To address these requirements we build a novel human-in-the-loop visual analytics system called TIMBERSLEUTH. TimberSleuth uses a novel scoring model reinforced through human feedback to improve upon the relevance of the results of the system while using an off-the-shelf anomaly detection model. Detailed evaluation is performed using real data with synthetic anomalies to test the machine intelligence that drives the system. We design interactive visualizations to enable analysis of pertinent details of anomalous trade records so that analysts can determine if a record is relevant and provide iterative feedback. This feedback is utilized by the machine learning model to improve the precision of the output.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14738716231157081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T01:35:38Z","timestamp":1678498538000},"page":"223-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["TimberSleuth: Visual anomaly detection with human feedback for mitigating the illegal timber trade"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5997-5142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debanjan","family":"Datta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Self","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Simeone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC, USA"},{"name":"Simeone Consulting, LLC, Littleton, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Meadows","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willow","family":"Outhwaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TRAFFIC International, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5805-5301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niklas","family":"Elmqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naren","family":"Ramakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14738716231157081","unstructured":"Mavrellis C. 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