{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:49:20Z","timestamp":1789480160297,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory dysfunction is suggested to be a clinical manifestation of central diabetic neuropathy. The aim of the study was to assess olfactory function in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 106 patients with type 1 diabetes and 30 healthy subjects were included in the study. We evaluated the metabolic control of diabetes and the presence of chronic complications. Olfactory function was assessed with Sniffin\u2019 Sticks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found a negative correlation between olfactory identification scores and body mass index ( Rs \u22120.2; p = 0.04) and triglycerides ( Rs = \u22120.2; p = 0.04). We showed lower olfactory identification scores in neuropathy group versus non-neuropathy group [8 (interquartile range, 7\u20139) vs 10 (interquartile range, 9\u201311) points; p = 0.005]. In multivariate linear regression, impaired olfaction was independently associated with neuropathy (beta, \u22120.3; p = 0.005). In multivariate logistic regression, diabetes duration (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.00\u20131.11; p = 0.04) and olfactory identification score (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.43\u20130.85; p = 0.003) were independently associated with neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Olfactory dysfunction is observed in patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164116679079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,21]],"date-time":"2017-01-21T12:28:12Z","timestamp":1485001692000},"page":"139-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Impaired olfactory function is related to the presence of neuropathy in adults with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Duda-Sobczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Araszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Urbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Raszeja City Hospital, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukasz","family":"Borucki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Raszeja City Hospital, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Chudzinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Suwalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Pozna\u0144, 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