{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T16:38:35Z","timestamp":1781023115400,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Education, North-West Province, South Africa"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016545","name":"ROCHE diagnostics","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Metabolic Syndrome Institute, France"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucose dysregulation is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease development through synaptic dysfunction resulting in cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to study the interplay between impaired glycaemic metabolism (hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance), cardiac stress (cardiac troponin T and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide) and executive cognitive function prospectively, in a bi-ethnic sex cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Black and White teachers (N\u2009=\u2009338, aged 20\u201363\u2009years) from the Sympathetic activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans study were monitored over a 3-year period. Fasting blood samples were obtained for cardiac troponin T, N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide, glycated haemoglobin and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance for insulin resistance. The Stroop colour-word conflict test was applied to assess executive cognitive function at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over the 3-year period, Black men revealed constant high levels of cardiac troponin T (\u2a7e4.2\u2009ng\/L), pre-diabetes (glycated haemoglobin\u2009&gt;\u20095.7%) and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance &gt;3). %\u0394 Glycated haemoglobin was associated with %\u0394 insulin resistance (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increases in %\u0394N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (p\u2009=\u20090.02) in Black men only. In the latter, baseline Stroop colour-word conflict test was inversely associated with %\u0394 cardiac troponin T (p\u2009=\u20090.001) and %\u0394 insulin resistance levels (p\u2009=\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Progressive myocyte stretch and chronic myocyte injury, coupled with glucose dysregulation, may interfere with processes related to interference control in Black men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164118816221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]],"date-time":"2018-12-17T08:30:19Z","timestamp":1545035419000},"page":"236-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prospective associations between cardiac stress, glucose dysregulation and executive cognitive function in Black men: The Sympathetic activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Esm\u00e9","family":"Jansen van Vuren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) and School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3187-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leon\u00e9","family":"Malan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) and School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"von K\u00e4nel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) and School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Consultation-Liaison-Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Magnusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"},{"name":"Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leandi","family":"Lammertyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART) and School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"},{"name":"MRC Research Unit for 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