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Countries in the Middle East and Africa, together with Russia, have a total population of almost 2\u2009billion, but have been relatively overlooked by authors in this field. We reviewed the prevalence and drivers of prediabetes and diabetes across this large region. A large, and variable, burden of dysglycaemia exists, especially in Middle Eastern and North African countries, associated with high levels of obesity and sedentariness, with a generally lower prevalence in most other parts of Africa. The design and size of studies are highly variable, and more research to quantify the scale of the problem is needed. Local barriers to care relating to issues concerned with gender, consanguinity, lack of understanding of diabetes, lack of understanding of obesity as a health issue, and limited resource at a national level for tracking and intervention for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. Lifestyle interventions with proven local cost-effectiveness, enhanced access to pharmacologic intervention, and societal interventions to promote better diet and more activity will be an important element in strategies to combat these adverse trends.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164118819665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]],"date-time":"2019-01-04T01:37:22Z","timestamp":1546565842000},"page":"213-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prediabetes management in the Middle East, Africa and Russia: Current status and call for action"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Samir Helmy","family":"Assaad Khalil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Diabetology, Lipidology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sulaf Ibrahim","family":"Abdelaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Soba University Hospital, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Affaf","family":"Al Shammary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Health Department, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Al Zahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Molecular Endocrinology Section, Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashraf","family":"Amir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, International Medical Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabil","family":"Elkafrawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Egyptian National Committee of Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Menoufia University, Al Menoufia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed AK","family":"Hassoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Diabetes Center, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Hostalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel","family":"Jahed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Education Advisory Committee, Gabric Diabetes Education Association, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Tehran General Hospital, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadim","family":"Jarrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, The Specialty Hospital, Amman, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanaa","family":"Mrabeti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Serono Middle East FZ-LLC, Dubai, UAE"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Paruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexey V","family":"Zilov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Sechenov\u2019s First Moscow Medical University, Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1479164118819665","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v8.i4.120"},{"key":"bibr2-1479164118819665","unstructured":"World population review, http:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com (accessed August 2018)."},{"key":"bibr3-1479164118819665","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-387"},{"key":"bibr4-1479164118819665","first-page":"127","volume":"9","author":"Nasr GM","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes"},{"key":"bibr5-1479164118819665","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-76"},{"key":"bibr6-1479164118819665","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300290"},{"key":"bibr7-1479164118819665","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2007.04.008"},{"key":"bibr8-1479164118819665","first-page":"1173","volume":"29","author":"Baynouna LM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"bibr9-1479164118819665","unstructured":"Alkandari A, Al-Wotayan R, Barengo NC, et al. 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