{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T14:01:07Z","timestamp":1777557667791,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epicardial fat is recognized as active endocrine organ and as emerging risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between epicardial fat and carotid intima\u2013media thickness in type 2 diabetes patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epicardial fat thickness was measured in 76 type 2 diabetes patients without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and 30 age- and sex-matched controls. In addition to laboratory tests, all patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography for epicardial fat thickness and ultrasonographic examination of carotid intima\u2013media thickness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with diabetes had higher epicardial fat thickness and carotid intima\u2013media thickness than those of the controls (6.23\u2009\u00b1\u20091.27\u2009mm vs 4.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.03\u2009mm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and 0.77\u2009\u00b1\u20090.150\u2009mm vs 0.58\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08\u2009mm, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively). Epicardial fat thickness was correlated significantly with age, duration of type 2 diabetes, body mass index, waist circumference, HbA1c, carotid intima\u2013media thickness, Homeostasis Model Assessment Index for insulin resistance and lipid profile in the type 2 diabetic patients. Stepwise regression analysis showed that carotid intima\u2013media thickness, duration of diabetes, triglyceride and body mass index were the independent predictors of epicardial fat thickness, with carotid intima\u2013media thickness the most important predictor ( \u03b2\u2009=\u20093.078, t\u2009=\u20094.058, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was done and cut-off high-risk epicardial fat thickness value of 6.1\u2009mm was determined with a sensitivity and specificity of 71.4% and 72%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with type 2 diabetes have higher carotid intima\u2013media thickness and epicardial fat thickness. Epicardial fat thickness was found to be a strong predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164119827602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,4]],"date-time":"2019-07-04T12:44:31Z","timestamp":1562244271000},"page":"378-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Echocardiographic association of epicardial fat with carotid intima\u2013media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0733-5463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeed","family":"Yafei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fathy","family":"Elsewy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Ayman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology and Angiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elshafei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiodiagnosis, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 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