{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:13:58Z","timestamp":1787019238539,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chron Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The detection of exercise-induced hypoxemia is important for evaluating disease status in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is useful for detecting exercise-induced hypoxemia. This pilot study aimed to validate the breath-holding test (BHT) as a screening for exercise-induced hypoxemia and compare its utility with that of the 6MWT in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Fifty-nine patients with chronic respiratory diseases underwent BHTs lasting 10, 15, and 20 s. Percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), pulse rate, and severity of dyspnoea were measured. The participants also underwent a 6MWT, a pulmonary function test, and analysis of arterial blood gas at rest. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of desaturation in the 6MWT. The minimum SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the BHT (all durations) and 6MWT were significantly correlated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed the optimal cut-off for predicting SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    &lt; 90% during the 6MWT as a minimum SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2264 94% during the 15-s BHT. Perceived dyspnoea and maximum pulse rate were significantly lower during the 15-s BHT than during the 6MWT. In the multivariate linear regression analysis, the minimum SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the 15-s BHT (\u03b2, 0.565, p &lt; 0.001) and %DLco (\u03b2, 0.255, p &lt; 0.028) were independent predictors of desaturation in the 6MWT. The minimum SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    during the 15-s BHT may be a useful measure for screening for exercise-induced hypoxemia in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The BHT is easier to perform, more readily available, and better tolerated than the 6MWT.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/14799731211012965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T03:10:11Z","timestamp":1619579411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Validation of a breath-holding test as a screening test for exercise-induced hypoxemia in chronic respiratory diseases"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hideharu","family":"Ideguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1773-8485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidenori","family":"Ichiyasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Okabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimitaka","family":"Akaike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shohei","family":"Hamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Hirosako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Kohrogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Sakagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201204-0596PP"},{"key":"bibr2-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL"},{"key":"bibr3-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-0520"},{"key":"bibr4-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000332833"},{"key":"bibr5-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.87.6.1997"},{"key":"bibr6-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00150314"},{"key":"bibr7-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0910755"},{"key":"bibr8-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2016.10.005"},{"key":"bibr9-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1378"},{"key":"bibr10-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.05.013"},{"key":"bibr11-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST"},{"key":"bibr12-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70507-5"},{"key":"bibr13-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-0741"},{"key":"bibr14-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102"},{"key":"bibr15-14799731211012965","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00035005"},{"key":"bibr16-14799731211012965","volume-title":"Pulmonary 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