{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:34:24Z","timestamp":1787312064716,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["DMS-2054253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMS-2054253"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["IIS-2205441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-2205441"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01HG006139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HG006139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007496","name":"Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, VA Office of Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["I01BX006126-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I01BX006126-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007496","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We analyzed data from 2253 veterans with type 1 (34%) or type 2 (66%) diabetes who initiated Dexcom continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) between 2015 and 2022, all with \u226510 days of data over a 6-month landmark period. CGM data were merged with electronic health records (EHR). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was defined from EHR diagnoses. Incident DR was assessed up to 4 years from CGM initiation. Cox models evaluated associations between CGM metrics (mean glucose [MG], time in range [TIR], time above range [TAR], glycemia risk index [GRI], coefficient of variation, and week-to-week average real variability [ARV]) and DR. There were 99 incident DR events. In separate multivariable models, higher MG, TAR, GRI, and ARV, and lower TIR were associated with DR risk; these associations (except ARV) remained significant after landmark HbA1c adjustment and were stronger than for landmark HbA1c itself, suggesting that CGM metrics provide more informative risk stratification than HbA1c alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15209156261416922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T10:48:30Z","timestamp":1769165310000},"page":"867-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics with Incident Diabetic Retinopathy: A Real-World Long-Term Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Okuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 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