{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T11:03:44Z","timestamp":1784804624417,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Slovenian National Research Agency","award":["Grants no. J3-4528, J3-4521 and P3-0343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grants no. J3-4528, J3-4521 and P3-0343"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the associations between glycemic outcomes and a range of clinical and demographic factors, including treatment modality, sex, age, diabetes duration, and body mass index, in youth with type 1 diabetes in an international registry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This observational, cross-sectional cohort study included youth &lt;21 years from 23 countries. Proportions of individuals using different treatment modalities (continuous glucose monitoring [CGM] with injections, CGM with pump, automated insulin delivery [AID]) and achieving recommended time in tight range (TITR &gt;50%), time in range (TIR &gt;70%), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (\u22646.5% [48 mmol\/mol] and \u22647% [53\u2009mmol\/mol]) were assessed using mixed-effects fractional logistic and linear regression models. Sex, age (categorized), diabetes duration (categorized), body mass index standard deviation score (categorized), and treatment modality were included as covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data of 7691 individuals (mean [standard deviation] age of 13.7 [4.3] years, diabetes duration 6.3 [4.2] years, 47.8% female) were included. AID users were the most likely to achieve TITR target (adjusted mean [standard error of the mean] 41.2% [2.9]), followed by CGM with insulin pump (25.2% [2.3]) and CGM with injections (13.7% [1.5],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). A similar association was observed for proportions of individuals achieving TIR and HbA1c targets (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Age &lt;6\u2009years was associated with a higher coefficient of variation (CV) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) and a lower probability of achieving both TITR and TIR targets compared with other age groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In analyses of TITR associated with mean sensor glucose stratified by CV, a higher TITR for a lower CV was observed only at mean glucose levels below 150\u2013160 mg\/dL; above this threshold, the pattern reversed, with lower CV associated with lower TITR at a given mean glucose level.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Children younger than 6 years and individuals not using glucose-responsive insulin therapy were less likely to meet the recommended glycemic targets. It is imperative to minimize these disadvantages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15209156261463841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:29:52Z","timestamp":1782977392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differences in Achieving Stringent Glycemic Targets Among Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: A SWEET Registry Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Klemen","family":"Dovc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Children\u2019s Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1862-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Mianowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Boettcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roque","family":"Cardona-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u. Barcelona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thekla","family":"von dem Berge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auf Der Bult, Diabetes Center for Children and Adolescents, Hannover, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kids Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Kosteria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Growth &amp; Development, \u201cP&amp;A Kyriakou\u201d Children\u2019s Hospital, Athens, Greece."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Marigliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Rami-Merhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Scharf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Centro de Diabetes Curitiba, Hospital Nossa Senhora das Gra\u00e7as, Curitiba, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Lanzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany."},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000543266"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci19-0028"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00319-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968241288870"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00279-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31506-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0171"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-2125"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-1317"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.13427"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dci24-0058"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000543156"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-S007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6940"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6928"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-02498"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1060"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab522"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1358"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14291"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-0086"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000543034"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2111673"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32514-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004736"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2210834"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2020.0618"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_1","unstructured":"29.WHO. WHO child growth standards: Length\/height-for-age weight-for-age weight-for-length weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: Methods and development. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/924154693X [Last accessed: November3 2021]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.0077"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15791"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2023.0373"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-1137"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2625"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db24-0684"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2359"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(25)00091-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.28933"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2023.0565"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.2063"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-0291"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15209156261463841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15209156261463841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15209156261463841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:30:25Z","timestamp":1784802625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15209156261463841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15209156261463841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15209156261463841","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9156","1557-8593"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9156","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8593","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"article-number":"15209156261463841"}}