{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1777435551402,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004479","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20232ACB206010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20232ACB206010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82260114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82260114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine-loaded polypeptide nanomicrospheres (PNM@Dex) in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) injury and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, focusing on autophagy activation in enteric neurons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PNM@Dex, synthesized\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">via<\/jats:italic>\n                      solid-phase peptide synthesis and coprecipitation, exhibited uniform spherical morphology (\u223c150 nm) and high drug encapsulation efficiency.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      studies demonstrated that PNM@Dex promoted autophagy in enteric neurons, attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis, and improved cell viability.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      administration significantly mitigated intestinal injury, suppressed inflammatory cytokine production, and increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Autophagy inhibition assays confirmed the essential role of autophagy in mediating the protective effects of PNM@Dex.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Innovation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents the first successful incorporation of dexmedetomidine into polypeptide nanomicrospheres for targeted delivery to enteric neurons. The nanoplatform achieved sustained release, enhanced autophagy, and exerted strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, offering a novel therapeutic approach for intestinal I\/R injury and potential protection in intestinal transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PNM@Dex effectively alleviated intestinal I\/R-induced damage through autophagy induction, oxidative stress reduction, and inflammation modulation, underscoring its promise as a therapeutic strategy for intestinal protection and transplantation.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal.<\/jats:italic>\n                      44, 213\u2013235.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15230864251394744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T14:30:16Z","timestamp":1764858616000},"page":"213-235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polypeptide Nanomicrospheres Delivering Dexmedetomidine Mitigate Intestinal Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Autophagy and Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Zhen","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuhong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinping","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenlu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuekang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(93)90014-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14093"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199212000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.28135"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105452"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-005-6874-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03950-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.61747"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108848"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6954764"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.10018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1970.01340280030009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_201902_16992"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200008000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101614"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.44250"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.2011.00374.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.1016597"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/64710"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/53881"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.4154"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103185"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2020.101534"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-024-07579-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2018.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c160006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.44.002594"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20143529"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.750731"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2910643"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-019-0299-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-024-00392-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4475"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.1c00160"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2022.110323"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0041-1345(00)01238-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46657-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-005-6978-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2023.1191629"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/jir.s413941"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115984"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.949754"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115305"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10080990"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061522"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111482"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-711"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1435282"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1120148"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-024-00952-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-3789"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00790"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115472"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043702"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2024.106702"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2022.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115915"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2021.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20185430"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000493833"}],"container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15230864251394744","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15230864251394744","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15230864251394744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:56:20Z","timestamp":1777377380000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15230864251394744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15230864251394744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15230864251394744","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-0864","1557-7716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-0864","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]}}}