{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:07:24Z","timestamp":1791389244896,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]],"date-time":"2015-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore aftercare services provided to child victims of sex trafficking globally based on the results of a systematic review of published and unpublished research, organizational policy, and current practice. This systematic review serves as a first step toward developing best practices for aftercare service providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic search was conducted of four English language databases, two human trafficking resource libraries, and one Internet search engine for journal articles and \u201cgrey\u201d literature published between January 2000 and May 2013 on the services offered to child sex trafficking victims globally. The search yielded 15 documents for inclusion in the review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 15 documents emphasized the need for aftercare service provision to be founded on children\u2019s rights and trauma-informed service provision. They recommended delivery practices such as case management and multidisciplinary, multiagency and multinational coordination to ensure the child victims benefit fully from the services. The systematic review revealed that there are three phases to aftercare service provision: rescue, recover, and reintegration. Each of these phases is characterized by different needs and types of services provided. The recovery phase received the most attention compared to recovery and reintegration phases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The literature highlighted that aftercare service provision for child sex trafficking victims is a new area that needs an evidence base from which policy and practice can be formed. There is great need for further research and better documentation of service provision. While this research provides insight into this area, the gap in literature remains wide. The area of aftercare service provision for children who have been trafficked has experienced phenomenal growth within the last 10 years, and with more research and resources being directed to the area, the achievement of international minimum standards of care provision is possible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015584356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]],"date-time":"2015-05-29T21:30:50Z","timestamp":1432935050000},"page":"204-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Aftercare Services for Child Victims of Sex Trafficking"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Dorothy Neriah","family":"Muraya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent researcher, Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Fry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moray House School of Education, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr2-1524838015584356","unstructured":"African Member States of the Organization of African Unity. (1999). African charter on the rights and the welfare of the child. Retrieved from http:\/\/www1.umn.edu\/humanrts\/africa\/afchild.htm"},{"key":"bibr3-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0100822"},{"key":"bibr4-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*Asquith S., Turner E. (2008). Recovery and reintegration of children from the effects of sexual exploitation and related trafficking (p. 55). Geneva, Switzerland: Oak Foundation."},{"key":"bibr5-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/VSP1201094B"},{"key":"bibr6-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2435.2005.00333.x"},{"key":"bibr7-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*Blue BlindFold. (2012). Services for victims of child trafficking (p. 40). Dublin, Ireland: Department of Justice and Equality."},{"key":"bibr8-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1099-0860.2008.00151.x"},{"key":"bibr9-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838005280328"},{"key":"bibr10-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2012.01.003"},{"key":"bibr11-1524838015584356","volume-title":"The psychological experience of child and adolescent sex trafficking in the United States: Trauma and resilience in survivors","author":"Cecchet S. J.","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr12-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626000015011007"},{"key":"bibr13-1524838015584356","unstructured":"Council of Europe. (2005). Convention against trafficking in human beings. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.conventions.coe.int\/Treaty\/EN\/treaties\/Html\/197.htm"},{"key":"bibr14-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.41.4.412"},{"key":"bibr15-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20590"},{"key":"bibr16-1524838015584356","unstructured":"CSJ. (2013). It happens here. London, England: CSJ. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.centreforsocialjustice.org.uk\/UserStorage\/pdf\/Pdfreports\/CSJ_Slavery_Full_Report_WEB%285%29.pdf"},{"key":"bibr17-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20744"},{"key":"bibr18-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Questions & answers about the commercial sexual exploitation of children","author":"ECPAT","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr19-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Combatting the trafficking in children for sexual purposes: Questions and answers","author":"ECPAT","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr20-1524838015584356","unstructured":"Thompson G. (n.d.). The development of quality of care standards in welfare services for child victims of commercial sexual exploitation (p. 6). Bangkok, Thailand: ECPAT International."},{"key":"bibr21-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000271620157500109"},{"key":"bibr22-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2009.06.018"},{"key":"bibr23-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*Frederick J. (2005). Guidelines for the operation of care facilities for victims of trafficking and violence against women and girls (p. 50). Kathmandu, Nepal: Planete Enfants."},{"key":"bibr24-1524838015584356","volume-title":"How S.A.F.E. is NYC? Sexual assault services in emergency departments","author":"Fry D.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr25-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490050305"},{"key":"bibr26-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420059465.pt2"},{"key":"bibr27-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1464937032000113033"},{"key":"bibr28-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.02.004"},{"key":"bibr29-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Eliminating the worst forms of child labor","author":"ILO","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr30-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Child-friendly standards & guidelines for the recovery and integration of trafficked children","author":"*ILO","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr31-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*IOM. (2004). The mental health aspects of trafficking in human beings. A set of minimum standards (p. 56). Budapest, Hungary: IOM."},{"key":"bibr32-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801211407431"},{"key":"bibr33-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00754170903234416"},{"key":"bibr34-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838010390709"},{"key":"bibr35-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-12-20"},{"key":"bibr36-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001224"},{"key":"bibr37-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.1009"},{"key":"bibr38-1524838015584356","first-page":"13","volume":"2","author":"Rafferty Y.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Society for Research in Child Development"},{"key":"bibr39-1524838015584356","first-page":"72","volume":"29","author":"Ray N.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Development Issues"},{"key":"bibr40-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15564886.2011.557327"},{"key":"bibr41-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/car.1193"},{"key":"bibr42-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*Rigby P., Malloch M., Smith N. H. (2012). A report on child trafficking and care provision: Towards better survivor care (pp. 1\u201340). Stirling, Scotland. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.love146.org\/sites\/default\/files\/A_Report_On_Child_Trafficking_%26_CareProvision.pdf"},{"key":"bibr43-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Minimum standards of care and support for the victims of trafficking and other forms of violence in South Asia","author":"SARI"},{"key":"bibr44-1524838015584356","unstructured":"SCCYP. (2011). Scotland: A safe place for child traffickers? Edinburgh. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.sccyp.org.uk\/uploaded_docs\/policy\/sccypchildtraffickingreport.pdf"},{"key":"bibr45-1524838015584356","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Illegal immigration and commercial sex: The new sex trade","author":"Shannon S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr46-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370809347942"},{"key":"bibr47-1524838015584356","unstructured":"UN. (1989). The convention: On the rights of the child. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2093191"},{"key":"bibr48-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children","author":"UN","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr49-1524838015584356","unstructured":"UN. (2013). United Nations treaty collection. 12 A protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the United Nations convention against transnational organized crime New York, 15 November 2000. Retrieved May 21, 2013, from http:\/\/treaties.un.org\/Pages\/ViewDetails.aspx?mtdsg_no=XVIII-12-a&chapter=18&#top"},{"key":"bibr50-1524838015584356","unstructured":"UNICEF. (1996). The Stockholm declaration and agenda for action (pp. 1\u20139). Retrieved from http:\/\/www.google.co.uk\/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CDEQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Flac%2Fspbarbados%2FPlanning%2FGlobal%2FChild%2520protection%2FThe%2520Stockholm%2520Declaration%2520and%2520Agenda%2520for%2520Action_1996.doc&ei=a96dUdiaOse57Aa3s4HIBg&usg=AFQjCNGznZQMa733hhJmcmEb3BIkRfrOHg&sig2=oaZ2gU-H-QZDL1S76kv-cQ&bvm=bv.46865395,d.ZGU&cad=rja"},{"key":"bibr51-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Profiting from abuse: An investigation into the sexual exploitation of our children","author":"UNICEF","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr52-1524838015584356","unstructured":"UNICEF. (2005). Convention on the rights of the child. Optional protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. Retrieved May 21, 2013, from http:\/\/www.unicef.org\/crc\/index_30204.html"},{"key":"bibr53-1524838015584356","volume-title":"The state of the world\u2019s children","author":"UNICEF","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr54-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Hear their story: Help us change their lives","author":"United Nations Voluntary Trust Fund for Victims of HumanTrafficking","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr55-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*UNODC. (2007). Protocol on inter state rescue and post rescue activities relating to persons trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation (p. 25). New Delhi, India: UNODC."},{"key":"bibr56-1524838015584356","volume-title":"Global report on trafficking in persons","author":"UNODC","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr57-1524838015584356","unstructured":"UNODC. (2013). Statement at the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting on improving the coordination of efforts against trafficking in persons. Statement at the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting on Improving the coordination of efforts against trafficking in persons. Retrieved March 13, 2013, from https:\/\/www.unodc.org\/unodc\/en\/speeches\/remarks-ga-human-trafficking-130513.html"},{"key":"bibr58-1524838015584356","author":"USA State Department","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trafficking in person\u2019s report"},{"key":"bibr59-1524838015584356","volume-title":"International sex trafficking: A phenomenological study of international survivors","author":"Williams A. M.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr60-1524838015584356","first-page":"466","volume":"39","author":"*Wirsing E. K.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social Work & Christianity"},{"key":"bibr61-1524838015584356","unstructured":"*W\u00f6lte S., Tautz S. (2007). Quality standards for protecting child victims of commercial sexual exploitation (p. 40). Eschborn, Germany: Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH."},{"key":"bibr62-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.05.028"},{"key":"bibr63-1524838015584356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2006.108357"}],"container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1524838015584356","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1524838015584356","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1524838015584356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:28:44Z","timestamp":1777703324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1524838015584356"}},"subtitle":["A Systematic Review of Policy and Practice"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1524838015584356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1524838015584356","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8380","1552-8324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]]}}}