{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:34:26Z","timestamp":1792737266402,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Identifying and understanding factors that promote or inhibit child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures has the potential to facilitate earlier disclosures, assist survivors to receive services without delay, and prevent further sexual victimization. Timely access to therapeutic services can mitigate risk to the mental health of survivors of all ages. This review of the research focuses on CSA disclosures with children, youth, and adults across the life course. Using Kiteley and Stogdon\u2019s literature review framework, 33 studies since 2000 were identified and analyzed to extrapolate the most convincing findings to be considered for practice and future research. The centering question asked: What is the state of CSA disclosure research and what can be learned to apply to practice and future research? Using Braun and Clarke\u2019s guidelines for thematic analysis, five themes emerged: (1) Disclosure is an iterative, interactive process rather than a discrete event best done within a relational context; (2) contemporary disclosure models reflect a social\u2013ecological, person-in-environment orientation for understanding the complex interplay of individual, familial, contextual, and cultural factors involved in CSA disclosure; (3) age and gender significantly influence disclosure; (4) there is a lack of a life-course perspective; and (5) barriers to disclosure continue to outweigh facilitators. Although solid strides have been made in understanding CSA disclosures, the current state of knowledge does not fully capture a cohesive picture of disclosure processes and pathways over the life course. More research is needed on environmental, contextual, and cultural factors. Barriers continue to be identified more frequently than facilitators, although dialogical forums are emerging as important facilitators of CSA disclosure. Implications for practice in facilitating CSA disclosures are discussed with recommendations for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838017697312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]],"date-time":"2017-03-23T03:15:26Z","timestamp":1490238926000},"page":"260-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":457,"title":["Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000\u20132016)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ramona","family":"Alaggia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Collin-V\u00e9zina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Children and Families, School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Qubec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rusan","family":"Lateef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.03.016"},{"key":"bibr2-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325020500193895"},{"key":"bibr3-1524838017697312","first-page":"32","volume":"19","author":"Alaggia R.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Journal De l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie Canadienne De Psychiatrie De l\u2019Enfant Et De l\u2019Adolescent"},{"key":"bibr4-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1606\/1044-3894.2457"},{"key":"bibr5-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr6-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000047"},{"key":"bibr54-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2657425"},{"key":"bibr7-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/008124630503500207"},{"key":"bibr8-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.03.010"},{"key":"bibr9-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.03.015"},{"key":"bibr10-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amp.2012.06.024"},{"key":"bibr11-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615-012-0420-3"},{"key":"bibr12-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034223"},{"key":"bibr13-1524838017697312","volume-title":"Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect-2013 (OIS-2013)","author":"Fallon B.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr14-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.5296"},{"key":"bibr15-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2010.512520"},{"key":"bibr16-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1124308"},{"key":"bibr17-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(03)00037-1"},{"key":"bibr18-1524838017697312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H\u00e9bert M., Tourigny M., Cyr M., McDuff P., Joly J. 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