{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:57:23Z","timestamp":1792803443226,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587340800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Neuroscience research program of the Beijing science and technology plan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z161100002616017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z161100002616017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the neglect of left-behind children (LBC) in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants: Children separated from one or both parents for at least 6 months. Intervention: Trauma of separation. Comparison: Non-left-behind children (NLBC). Outcomes: Neglect rates and severity. Only case\u2013control studies were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen studies were included; there were 18,688 LBC in a large sample ( N = 42,003) of children aged 0\u201318 years in China. The overall neglect rate was significantly higher in LBC compared to NLBC (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.50, 1.67], p &lt; .01) based on the Chinese Rural Child Neglected Evaluation Model (CRCNEM) and the Parents\u2013Child Conflict Tactics Scales ( OR = 1.44, 95% CI [1.35, 1.54], p &lt; .01). The overall neglect severity in LBC was also significantly higher than NLBC ( SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.28, 0.33], p &lt; .01). The same trends were observed in sex subgroups. With regard to subtypes, LBC were significantly more likely to have emotional neglect ( OR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.88, 2.78], p &lt; .01), medical neglect ( OR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.62, 1.98], p &lt; .01), physical neglect ( OR = 1.75, 95% CI [1.60, 1.91], p &lt; .01), security neglect ( OR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.32, 1.75], p &lt; .01), educational neglect ( OR = 1.50, 95% CI [1.31, 1.72], p &lt; .01), and social neglect ( OR = 1.33, 95% CI [1.18, 1.51], p &lt; .01). Furthermore, LBC had significantly higher severity in medical neglect ( SMD = 0.31, 95% CI [0.27, 0.35], p &lt; .01), emotional neglect ( SMD = 0.28, 95% CI [0.24, 0.32], p &lt; .01), physical neglect ( SMD = 0.24, 95% CI [0.18, 0.29], p &lt; .01), security neglect ( SMD = 0.26, 95% CI [0.23, 0.29], p &lt; .01), educational neglect ( SMD = 0.25, 95% CI [0.20, 0.31], p &lt; .01), and social neglect ( SMD = 0.25, 95% CI [0.10, 0.40], p &lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The neglect rates and severity in LBC in China were both significantly higher than those in NLBC. There was a strong association between neglect and LBC. Public policy changes are urgently needed to improve the dire situation and the well-being of the LBC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838020916837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T06:22:02Z","timestamp":1587363722000},"page":"1326-1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["The Neglect of Left-Behind Children in China: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Yu-Jie","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders & Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, 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