{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T01:16:07Z","timestamp":1784250967845,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620345600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM125507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM125507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To examine the existing knowledge base on trauma experiences and positive memories, we conducted a scoping review of trauma and post-trauma factors related to positive memory count. In July 2019, we searched PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, and PTSDpubs for a combination of words related to \u201cpositive memories\/experiences,\u201d \u201ctrauma\/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),\u201d and \u201cnumber\/retrieval.\u201d Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria (adult samples, original articles in English, peer-reviewed, included trauma-exposed group or variable of trauma exposure, trauma exposure examined with a trauma measure\/methodology, assessed positive memory count, empirical experimental\/non-experimental study designs). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, two authors reviewed abstracts, completed a secondary search, and independently extracted data. Our review indicated (1) that depression and PTSD were most researched; (2) no conclusive relationships of positive memory count with several psychopathology (depression, acute stress disorder, eating disorder, and anxiety), cognitive\/affective, neurobiological, and demographic factors; (3) trends of potential relationships of positive memory count with PTSD and childhood interpersonal traumas (e.g., sexual and physical abuse); and (4) lower positive memory specificity as a potential counterpart to greater overgeneral positive memory bias. Given variations in sample characteristics and methodology as well as the limited longitudinal research, conclusions are tentative and worthy of further investigations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211013130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]],"date-time":"2021-05-09T03:41:04Z","timestamp":1620531664000},"page":"1568-1584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Factors Related to Positive Memory Count Among Trauma-Exposed Individuals: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3032-4578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ateka A.","family":"Contractor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie V.","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Dolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8245-0616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole H.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466509X467413"},{"key":"bibr2-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr3-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"bibr4-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/329409"},{"key":"bibr5-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.11.1492"},{"key":"bibr6-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.8.1132"},{"key":"bibr7-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.838"},{"key":"bibr8-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1290"},{"key":"bibr9-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J146v04n02_08"},{"key":"bibr10-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018113"},{"key":"bibr11-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(03)00033-3"},{"key":"bibr12-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.10.3.215"},{"key":"bibr13-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.116.4.837"},{"key":"bibr14-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pst0000241"},{"key":"bibr15-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/0144665042388991"},{"key":"bibr16-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-015-0501-8"},{"key":"bibr17-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2019.1628994"},{"key":"bibr18-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2019.101516"},{"key":"bibr19-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.06.007"},{"key":"bibr20-15248380211013130","author":"Contractor A. A.","journal-title":"Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy"},{"key":"bibr21-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22586"},{"key":"bibr22-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2019.102157"},{"key":"bibr23-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2020.1795644"},{"key":"bibr24-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838020925784"},{"key":"bibr25-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.107.2.261"},{"key":"bibr26-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.41.4.412"},{"key":"bibr27-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.130.2.228"},{"key":"bibr28-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.117.1.236"},{"key":"bibr29-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.3.3.211"},{"key":"bibr30-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.136.1.23"},{"key":"bibr31-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00123-0"},{"key":"bibr32-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838016631128"},{"key":"bibr33-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22154"},{"key":"bibr34-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195342857.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr35-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579407070083"},{"key":"bibr36-15248380211013130","volume-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID I)","author":"First M. B.","year":"1997"},{"key":"bibr37-15248380211013130","volume-title":"Effective treatments for PTSD: Practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies","author":"Foa E. B.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr38-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0889-8391.29.1.68"},{"key":"bibr39-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22344"},{"key":"bibr40-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2010.12.005"},{"key":"bibr41-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.8.1417"},{"key":"bibr42-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2014.03.001"},{"key":"bibr43-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210902939348"},{"key":"bibr44-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2011.05.008"},{"key":"bibr45-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490080106"},{"key":"bibr46-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.3.500"},{"key":"bibr47-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210902953836"},{"key":"bibr48-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00197-9"},{"key":"bibr49-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.12.003"},{"key":"bibr50-15248380211013130","first-page":"62","volume-title":"Treating complex traumatic stress disorders in children and adolescents: Scientific foundations and therapeutic models","author":"Kaehler L. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr51-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.2.293"},{"key":"bibr52-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-018-0925-0"},{"key":"bibr53-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.21848"},{"key":"bibr54-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.2.231"},{"key":"bibr55-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.104.4.585"},{"key":"bibr56-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2007.00498.x"},{"key":"bibr57-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69"},{"key":"bibr58-15248380211013130","volume-title":"Handleiding Groninger Intelligentie Test [Manual Groningen Intelligence Test]","author":"Luteijn F.","year":"1983"},{"key":"bibr59-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-020-10079-3"},{"key":"bibr60-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(95)00007-K"},{"key":"bibr61-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699939408408946"},{"key":"bibr62-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2009.00868.x"},{"key":"bibr63-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000089"},{"key":"bibr64-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2014.03.002"},{"key":"bibr65-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-018-0611-x"},{"key":"bibr66-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000027"},{"key":"bibr67-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/comp.2002.34635"},{"key":"bibr68-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000050"},{"key":"bibr69-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.766"},{"key":"bibr70-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2007.01918.x"},{"key":"bibr71-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.3.2.201"},{"key":"bibr72-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2008.03.001"},{"key":"bibr73-15248380211013130","volume-title":"Cognitive processing therapy for rape victims: A treatment manual","volume":"4","author":"Resick P. A.","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr74-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.950"},{"key":"bibr75-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.78.4.737"},{"key":"bibr76-15248380211013130","volume-title":"Narrative exposure therapy: A short term treatment for traumatic stress disorders","author":"Schauer M.","year":"2011","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr77-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.6.4.611"},{"key":"bibr78-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46138-0_13"},{"key":"bibr79-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0453-6"},{"key":"bibr80-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.08.009"},{"key":"bibr81-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.10.005"},{"key":"bibr82-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658210701256654"},{"key":"bibr83-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/ijct.2010.3.1.64"},{"key":"bibr84-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"bibr85-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(03)00194-3"},{"key":"bibr86-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2012.745877"},{"key":"bibr87-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22497"},{"key":"bibr88-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(00)00011-5"},{"key":"bibr89-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015207428675"},{"key":"bibr90-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838004272543"},{"key":"bibr91-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511527913.010"},{"key":"bibr92-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.133.1.122"},{"key":"bibr93-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.95.2.144"},{"key":"bibr94-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2017.1326461"},{"key":"bibr95-15248380211013130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2013.796925"}],"container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380211013130","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15248380211013130","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380211013130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:33:08Z","timestamp":1777703588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15248380211013130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15248380211013130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380211013130","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8380","1552-8324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]]}}}