{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:46:11Z","timestamp":1792039571452,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to trauma elevates the risk of illness in women, resulting in increased healthcare costs. The trauma-informed care approach seeks to enhance patient engagement and promote more effective recovery for those with a history of psychological trauma. This qualitative systematic review aims to synthesize evidence related to the experiences of women receiving trauma-informed care using Sandelowski and Barroso\u2019s two-step approach for qualitative research synthesis. A comprehensive search was conducted across 10 electronic databases from their inception until September 2023, coupled with an extensive bibliography search of relevant studies and reviews. In total, eleven studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected: qualitative peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed studies in English with findings on the experiences of adult heterosexual women aged 19 to 64\u2009years old who underwent various trauma-informed psychosocial interventions. From these studies, four main themes emerged, elucidating women\u2019s experiences as they engage with trauma-informed care: (a) Readiness to seek healing; (b) Healthcare providers: Extending the first hand; (c) An empowering paradigm shift; and (d) Better days ahead. Our major findings emphasize the importance of healthcare providers demonstrating sensitivity to trauma and culture, adopting a gender-sensitive approach, and taking a proactive stance in initiating discussions about trauma. Moreover, allocating more time for consultations, with an increased focus on building an initial rapport to ensure women\u2019s comfort, is also vital. The review further underscores the benefits of group sessions in aiding women\u2019s recovery from trauma. Ultimately, this review holds substantial implications for shaping future practices, emphasizing the critical necessity of personalized treatment plans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380241234346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T08:51:48Z","timestamp":1716886308000},"page":"3054-3065","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Experiences of Women Receiving Trauma-Informed Care: A Qualitative Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Verity Chandelle","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University Hospital, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LaRon E.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5583-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shefaly","family":"Shorey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aaron E. Criniti S. Bonacquisti A. Geller P. A. (2013). Providing sensitive care for adult HIV-infected women with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 24(4) 355\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jana.2013.03.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2013.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amwiine E. Ainembabazi B. Obwona I. Opoka R. Akatuhumuriza M. Niyonzima V. Mubangizi V. (2021). Perceptions of females about trauma-informed services for survivors of sexual violence in southwestern Uganda- a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 21(1) 2144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-021-12227-0","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12227-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aromataris E. Munn Z. (2020). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Retrieved January28 from https:\/\/synthesismanual.jbi.global. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46658\/JBIMES-20-01","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","unstructured":"Barajas L. Martinez G. (2020). A meta-analysis on the effectiveness of trauma-informed practice. Symposium on Undergraduate Research and Creative Expression (SOURCE) 864. https:\/\/scholar.valpo.edu\/cus\/864"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbui C. Purgato M. Abdulmalik J. Acarturk C. Eaton J. Gastaldon C. Gureje O. Hanlon C. Jordans M. Lund C. Nos\u00e8 M. Ostuzzi G. Papola D. Tedeschi F. Tol W. Turrini G. Patel V. Thornicroft G. (2020). Efficacy of psychosocial interventions for mental health outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: An umbrella review. The Lancet Psychiatry 7(2) 162\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2215-0366(19)30511-5","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30511-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","unstructured":"Bateman J. Henderson C. Kezelman C. (2013). Trauma-informed care and practice: Towards a cultural shift in policy reform across mental health and human services in Australia. A national strategic direction. Mental Health Coordinating Council. https:\/\/www.mhcc.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/nticp_strategic_direction_journal_article__vf4_-_jan_2014_.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjet C. Bromet E. Karam E. G. Kessler R. C. McLaughlin K. A. Ruscio A. M. Shahly V. Stein D. J. Petukhova M. Hill E. Alonso J. Atwoli L. Bunting B. Bruffaerts R. Caldas-de-Almeida J. M. de Girolamo G. Florescu S. Gureje O. Huang Y. . . .Koenen K. C. (2016). The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: Results from the World Mental Health Survey Consortium. Psychological Medicine 46(2) 327\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291715001981","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001981"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brooks M. Barclay L. Hooker C. (2018). Trauma-informed care in general practice: Findings from a women's health centre evaluation. Australian Journal of General Practice 47(6) 370\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31128\/AJGP-11-17-4406","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-11-17-4406"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown V. B. Harris M. Fallot R. (2013). Moving toward trauma-informed practice in addiction treatment: A collaborative model of agency assessment. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 45(5) 386\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02791072.2013.844381","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2013.844381"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Can\u00eao L. F. Neirotti R. (2017). The importance of the proper definition of adulthood: What is and what is not included in a scientific publication. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 32(1) 60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21470\/1678-9741-2016-0049","DOI":"10.21470\/1678-9741-2016-0049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","article-title":"SAMHSA\/CSAT treatment improvement protocols","author":"Center for Substance Abuse Treatment","year":"2014","unstructured":"Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. (2014). SAMHSA\/CSAT treatment improvement protocols. In Trauma-informed care in behavioral health services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US).","journal-title":"Trauma-informed care in behavioral health services"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","unstructured":"Centre for Substance Abuse Treatment. (2014). Trauma-informed care in behavioral health services. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK207201\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","unstructured":"Chang H.-Y. (2018). Qualitative Program Evaluation of an Integrated Trauma-Informed HIV and Vocational Intervention for Black\/African American Women Living with HIV (Publication Number 28406824) [PhD The Pennsylvania State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. https:\/\/etda.libraries.psu.edu\/catalog\/16064hxc269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coles J. Jones K. (2009). \u201cUniversal Precautions\u201d: Perinatal touch and examination after childhood sexual abuse. Birth 36(3) 230\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2009.00327.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-536X.2009.00327.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Andrea W. Sharma R. Zelechoski A. D. Spinazzola J. (2011). Physical health problems after single trauma exposure: When stress takes root in the body. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 17(6) 378\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1078390311425187","DOI":"10.1177\/1078390311425187"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015585318"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","first-page":"379","volume-title":"AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings","volume":"2013","author":"Edinger T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Edinger T., Cohen A. M. (2013). A large-scale analysis of the reasons given for excluding articles that are retrieved by literature search during systematic review. In AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings. AMIA Symposium. (vol. 2013, pp. 379\u2013387)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edwards K. M. Murphy S. Palmer K. M. Haynes E. E. Chapo S. Ekdahl B. A. Buel S. (2017). Co-occurrence of and recovery from substance abuse and lifespan victimization: A qualitative study of female residents in trauma-informed sober living homes. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 49(1) 74\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02791072.2016.1273566","DOI":"10.1080\/02791072.2016.1273566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elliott D. E. Bjelajac P. Fallot R. D. Markoff L. S. Reed B. G. (2005). Trauma-informed or trauma-denied: Principles and implementation of trauma-informed services for women. Journal of Community Psychology 33(4) 461\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcop.20063","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.20063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fallot R. D. Harris M. (2002). The Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model (TREM): Conceptual and practical issues in a group intervention for women. Community Mental Health Journal 38 475\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/a:1020880101769.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020880101769"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freeman M. (2022). Investing for population mental health in low and middle income countries\u2014Where and why? International Journal of Mental Health Systems 16(1) 38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13033-022-00547-6.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13033-022-00547-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exploring and healing invisible wounds: Perceptions of trauma-specific treatment from incarcerated men and women","volume":"10","author":"Gajewski-Nemes J.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gajewski-Nemes J., Messina N. (2021). Exploring and healing invisible wounds: Perceptions of trauma-specific treatment from incarcerated men and women. Journal of Trauma & Treatment, 10(5), 1\u20138.","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma & Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","author":"Hayes S. C.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayes S. C., Hofmann S. G. (2018). Process-based CBT: The science and core clinical competencies of cognitive behavioral therapy. New Harbinger Publications.","journal-title":"Process-based CBT: The science and core clinical competencies of cognitive behavioral therapy"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huefner J. C. Ringle J. L. Gordon C. Tyler P. M. (2020). Impact of perception of safety on outcomes in the context of trauma. Children and Youth Services Review 114 105060. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105060"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonsen K. Jehn K. A. (2009). Using triangulation to validate themes in qualitative studies. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 4(2) 123\u2013150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/17465640910978391","DOI":"10.1108\/17465640910978391"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kantor V. Knefel M. Lueger-Schuster B. (2017). Perceived barriers and facilitators of mental health service utilization in adult trauma survivors: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review 52 52\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.12.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"King E. A. (2017). Outcomes of trauma-informed interventions for incarcerated women. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 61(6) 667\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0306624X15603082","DOI":"10.1177\/0306624X15603082"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kusmaul N. Wolf M. R. Sahoo S. Green S. A. Nochajski T. H. (2019). Client experiences of trauma-informed care in social service agencies. Journal of Social Service Research 45(4) 589\u2013599. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01488376.2018.1481178","DOI":"10.1080\/01488376.2018.1481178"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","unstructured":"Menschner C. Maul A. (2016). Key ingredients for successful trauma-informed care implementation. Center for Health Care Strategies Incorporated Trenton. https:\/\/www.chcs.org\/resource\/key-ingredients-for-successful-trauma-informed-care-implementation\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moher D. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. BMJ 339 b2535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muldoon O. T. Haslam S. A. Haslam C. Cruwys T. Kearns M. Jetten J. (2019). The social psychology of responses to trauma: Social identity pathways associated with divergent traumatic responses. European Review of Social Psychology 30(1) 311\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10463283.2020.1711628","DOI":"10.1080\/10463283.2020.1711628"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muskett C. (2014). Trauma-informed care in inpatient mental health settings: A review of the literature. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 23(1) 51\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/inm.12012","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.12012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muzik M. Ads M. Bonham C. Lisa Rosenblum K. Broderick A. Kirk R. (2013). Perspectives on trauma-informed care from mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment: A qualitative study. Child Abuse & Neglect 37(12) 1215\u20131224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.07.014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2013.07.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Patient preference for physician gender in the emergency department","volume":"89","author":"Nolen H. A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nolen H. A., Moore J. X., Rodgers J. B., Wang H. E., Walter L. A. (2016). Patient preference for physician gender in the emergency department. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 89(2), 131\u2013142.","journal-title":"The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nos\u00e8 M. Ballette F. Bighelli I. Turrini G. Purgato M. Tol W. Priebe S. Barbui C. (2017). Psychosocial interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees and asylum seekers resettled in high-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 12(2) e0171030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0171030","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171030"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olff M. (2017). Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: An update. European Journal of Psychotraumatology 8(sup4) 1351204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008198.2017.1351204","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1351204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Owens L. Terrell S. Low L. K. Loder C. Rhizal D. Scheiman L. Seng J. (2022). Universal precautions: The case for consistently trauma-informed reproductive healthcare. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 226(5) 671\u2013677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.08.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page M. J. McKenzie J. E. Bossuyt P. M. Boutron I. Hoffmann T. C. Mulrow C. D. Shamseer L. Tetzlaff J. M. Akl E. A. Brennan S. E. Chou R. Glanville J. Grimshaw J. M. Hr\u00f3bjartsson A. Lalu M. M. Li T. Loder E. W. Mayo-Wilson E. McDonald S. . . .Moher D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 372 n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrick H. Williams G. C. (2012). Self-determination theory: Its application to health behavior and complementarity with motivational interviewing. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 9(1) 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1479-5868-9-18","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-9-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petrillo M. (2021). \u201cWe\u2019ve all got a big story\u201d: Experiences of a trauma-informed intervention in prison. Howard Journal of Crime and Justice 60(2) 232\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hojo.12408","DOI":"10.1111\/hojo.12408"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prytherch H. Cooke A. Marsh I. (2020). Coercion or collaboration: Service-user experiences of risk management in hospital and a trauma-informed crisis house [Psychological & Physical Disorders 3200]. Psychosis: Psychological Social and Integrative Approaches 13(2) 93\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17522439.2020.1830155","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2020.1830155"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","article-title":"Primary care experiences of women with a history of childhood trauma and chronic disease","volume":"63","author":"Purkey E.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Purkey E., Beckett T., Mathieu F., Patel R. (2017). Primary care experiences of women with a history of childhood trauma and chronic disease. Canadian Family Physician, 63(2), S40.","journal-title":"Canadian Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Purkey E. Davison C. MacKenzie M. Beckett T. Korpal D. Soucie K. Bartels S. (2020). Experience of emergency department use among persons with a history of adverse childhood experiences. BMC Health Services Research 20(1) 455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-020-05291-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05291-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","unstructured":"Purkey E. Patel R. Phillips S. P. (2018). Trauma-informed care: Better care for everyone. Canadian Family Physician 64(3) 170\u2013172. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5851387\/"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","article-title":"Trauma-informed approaches to law: Why restorative justice must understand trauma and psychological coping","volume":"36","author":"Randall M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Randall M., Haskell L. (2013). Trauma-informed approaches to law: Why restorative justice must understand trauma and psychological coping. Dalhousie Law Journal, 36(2), 501.","journal-title":"Dalhousie Law Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rathod S. Pinninti N. Irfan M. Gorczynski P. Rathod P. Gega L. Naeem F. (2017). Mental Health Service Provision in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Health Services Insights 10 1178632917694350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1178632917694350","DOI":"10.1177\/1178632917694350"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781473916890"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reeves E. A. Humphreys J. C. (2018). Describing the healthcare experiences and strategies of women survivors of violence. Journal of Clinical Nursing 27(5\u20136) 1170\u20131182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.14152","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14152"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reid N. Kron A. Rajakulendran T. Kahan D. Noble A. Stergiopoulos V. (2021). Promoting wellness and recovery of young women experiencing gender-based violence and homelessness: The role of trauma-informed health promotion interventions. Violence Against Women 27(9) 1297\u20131316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077801220923748","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801220923748"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rojas G. Mart\u00ednez V. Mart\u00ednez P. Franco P. Jim\u00e9nez-Molina \u00c1. (2019). Improving mental health care in developing countries through digital technologies: A mini narrative review of the Chilean case. Frontiers in Public Health 7 463908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00391","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00391"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosenberg L. (2011). Addressing trauma in mental health and substance use treatment. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 38(4) 428\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-011-9256-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-011-9256-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","unstructured":"Ryan R. M. Deci E. L. Grolnick W. S. (1995). Autonomy relatedness and the self: Their relation to development and psychopathology. Developmental Psychopathology 1 618\u2013655. https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/1995-97696-020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","volume-title":"Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research","author":"Sandelowski M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sandelowski M., Barroso J. (2006). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sandelowski M. Docherty S. Emden C. (1997). Qualitative metasynthesis: Issues and techniques. Research in Nursing & Health 20(4) 365\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(sici)1098-240x(199708)20:4","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-240X(199708)20:4<365::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","first-page":"S25","article-title":"Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in women: A review","author":"Seedat S.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Seedat S., Stein D. J. (2000). Trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in women: A review. International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15(Suppl 3), S25\u2013S33.","journal-title":"International Clinical Psychopharmacology, 15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song F. Hooper Loke Y. (2013). Publication bias: What is it? How do we measure it? How do we avoid it? Open Access Journal of Clinical Trials 5 71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/oajct.s34419","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJCT.S34419"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Southwick S. M. Sippel L. Krystal J. Charney D. Mayes L. Pietrzak R. (2016). Why are some individuals more resilient than others: The role of social support. World Psychiatry 15(1) 77. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20282","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20282"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","volume-title":"Psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder in adults","author":"Stein M. B.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stein M. B., Norman S. (2021). Psychotherapy and psychosocial interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder in adults. Uptodate."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tarzia L. Bohren M. A. Cameron J. Garcia-Moreno C. O'Doherty L. Fiolet R. Hooker L. Wellington M. Parker R. Koziol-Mclain J. Feder G. Hegarty K. (2020). Women\u2019s experiences and expectations after disclosure of intimate partner abuse to a healthcare provider: A qualitative meta-synthesis. BMJ Open 10(11) e041339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041339","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041339"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas J. Harden A. (2008). Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology 8(1) 45. https:\/\/doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg\/10.1186\/1471-2288-8-45","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-8-45"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tompkins C. N. E. Neale J. (2018). Delivering trauma-informed treatment in a women-only residential rehabilitation service: Qualitative study [Drug & Alcohol Rehabilitation 3383]. Drugs: Education Prevention & Policy 25(1) 47\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09687637.2016.1235135","DOI":"10.1080\/09687637.2016.1235135"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trabold N. O\u2019Malley A. Rizzo L. Russell E. (2018). A gateway to healing: A community-based brief intervention for victims of violence [Community & Social Services 3373]. Journal of Community Psychology 46(4) 418\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcop.21948","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.21948"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turner S. G. Maschi T. M. (2015). Feminist and empowerment theory and social work practice. Journal of Social Work Practice 29(2) 151\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02650533.2014.941282","DOI":"10.1080\/02650533.2014.941282"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2502"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walsh D. Downe S. (2005). Meta-synthesis method for qualitative research: A literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 50(2) 204\u2013211. https:\/\/doi-org.libproxy1.nus.edu.sg\/10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03380.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03380.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2021). Violence against women. Retrieved January 27 from https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/violence-against-women"}],"container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380241234346","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15248380241234346","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380241234346","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T04:03:42Z","timestamp":1792037022000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15248380241234346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15248380241234346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380241234346","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8380","1552-8324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]}}}