{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T08:44:08Z","timestamp":1792140248344,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parents with histories of psychopathology, trauma, and systemic stressors are at elevated risk for emotion dysregulation, a modifiable driver of child maltreatment. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) offers transdiagnostic skills that may reduce this risk; however, the evidence for DBT-informed parenting interventions has not been synthesized. This Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses-guided systematic review examined how such interventions are designed, implemented, and evaluated. PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE were searched from inception to February 2026. Eligible studies were empirical evaluations of DBT-informed parenting programmes for caregivers of children, reporting parent, parenting, or child outcomes; case studies and non-empirical reports were excluded. Of 109 full texts screened, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were coded for intervention characteristics, DBT module coverage (including the use of behaviour chain analysis [BCA], risk of bias (ROBINS-I), and parent and parenting outcomes. Interventions were typically brief (6\u201314\u2009weeks), group-based, and clinician-delivered; all included mindfulness, and most included emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal effectiveness. Notably, only one study explicitly reported utilizing BCA. Caregivers showed reductions in emotion dysregulation, depression, anxiety, and parenting stress, alongside decreases in coercive or harsh parenting and gains in validation, effective discipline, and parent\u2013child communication. Evidence was derived primarily from small, uncontrolled pilots; risk of bias was commonly rated as serious, and the overall certainty of evidence was low. Rigorous controlled trials with diverse caregivers are needed. DBT-informed parenting programmes show promise for reducing risk factors associated with maltreatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380261480157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:26:35Z","timestamp":1791955595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parenting for Families at Risk: A Systematic Review of the Role of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy Skills Training for Maltreatment Prevention"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4391-9565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber D.","family":"Rieder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Bojman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randi","family":"McCabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Hamilton Health Sciences, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agako A. Burckell L. McCabe R. E. Frey B. N. Barrett E. Silang K. Green S. M. (2023). A pilot study examining the effectiveness of a short-term DBT informed skills group for emotion dysregulation during the perinatal period. Psychological Services 20(3) 697\u2013707. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/ser0000662","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000662"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben-Porath D. D. (2010). Dialectical behavior therapy applied to parent skills training: Adjunctive treatment for parents with difficulties in affect regulation. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 17(4) 458\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2009.07.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2009.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berk M. S. Rathus J. Kessler M. Clarke S. Chick C. Shen H. Llewellyn T. (2022). Pilot test of a DBT-based parenting intervention for parents of youth with recent self-harm. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 29(2) 348\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2020.10.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2020.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crandall A. Deater-Deckard K. Riley A. W. (2015). Maternal emotion and cognitive control capacities and parenting: A conceptual framework. Developmental Review 36 105\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dr.2015.01.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dix T. (1991). The affective organization of parenting: Adaptive and maladaptive processes. Psychological Bulletin 110(1) 3\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.110.1.3","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.110.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hajal N. J. Paley B. (2020). Parental emotion and emotion regulation: A critical target of study for research and intervention to promote child emotion socialization. Developmental Psychology 56(3) 403\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/dev0000864","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Everett Y. Frigoletto O. A. O\u2019Brien J. R. Byrd A. L. Stepp S. D. Zalewski M. (2025). How mothers with severe emotion dysregulation use DBT skills in parenting contexts: Observational coding of skills use in a DBT skills training group. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation 12 Article 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40479-025-00279-2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-025-00279-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Everett Y. Lightcap A. O\u2019Brien J. R. Weinstein N. Y. Zalewski M. (2025). Integrating dialectical behavior therapy skills and parent training for dually dysregulated parents and children: An idiographic case study. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 32(4) 613\u2013630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2024.04.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2024.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynn D. Gillespie C. Joyce M. Spillane A. (2020). An evaluation of the skills group component of DBT-A for parent\/guardians: A mixed methods study. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 40(1) 143\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ipm.2019.62","DOI":"10.1017\/ipm.2019.62"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","volume-title":"Modular dialectical behavior therapy skills and parent management training group for emotionally dysregulated parents","author":"Fogarty K.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fogarty K. (2022). Modular dialectical behavior therapy skills and parent management training group for emotionally dysregulated parents. Hofstra University."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gratz K. L. Roemer L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development factor structure and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 26(1) 41\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasiviswanathan K. Lee J. Rao S. Broadbear J. H. (2025). Navigating parenthood in people living with borderline personality disorder: A meta-ethnography. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation 12 Article 22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40479-025-00291-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-025-00291-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kleiber B. V. Felder J. N. Ashby B. Scott S. Dean J. Dimidjian S. (2017). Treating depression among adolescent perinatal women with a dialectical behavior therapy-informed skills group. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 24(4) 416\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.12.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leijten P. Scott S. Landau S. Harris V. Mann J. Hutchings J. Beecham J. Gardner F. (2020). Individual participant data meta-analysis: Impact of conduct problem severity comorbid attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder and emotional problems and maternal depression on parenting program effects. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 59(8) 933\u2013943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.01.023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2020.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","volume-title":"Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder","author":"Linehan M. M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Linehan M. M. (1993). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder. Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","volume-title":"DBT\u00ae skills training manual","author":"Linehan M. M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Linehan M. M. (2015). DBT\u00ae skills training manual (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marco S. Mayoral M. Herv\u00e1s G. (2024). Dialectical behavioral skills group therapy for parents of adolescents with borderline personality disorder: A pilot study. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 29(3) 913\u2013927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/13591045231177329","DOI":"10.1177\/13591045231177329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maliken A. C. Katz L. F. (2013). Exploring the impact of parental psychopathology and emotion regulation on evidence-based parenting interventions: A transdiagnostic approach to improving treatment effectiveness. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 16(2) 173\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-013-0132-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-013-0132-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin C. G. Roos L. E. Zalewski M. Cummins N. (2017). A dialectical behavior therapy skills group case study on mothers with severe emotion dysregulation. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 24(4) 405\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.08.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2016.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKimmy C. Vanderkruik R. Carol E. Shedro M. Zigarelli J. Aranda E. De Santiago J. Dimidjian S. (2024). Culturally adapted dialectical behavior therapy skills training for Latinx caregivers. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 31(1) 121\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cbpra.2023.02.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpra.2023.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Renneberg B. Rosenbach C. (2016). \u201cThere is not much help for mothers like me\u201d: Parenting skills for mothers with borderline personality disorder \u2013 A newly developed group training program. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation 3 Article 16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40479-016-0050-4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-016-0050-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roos L. E. Kaminski L. Stienwandt S. Hunter S. Giuliano R. Mota N. Katz L. Y. Zalewski M. (2023). The building regulation in dual-generations program (BRIDGE): A mixed-methods feasibility pilot of a parenting program for depressed mothers of preschoolers matched with dialectical behavior therapy skills. Child Psychiatry & Human Development 54(1) 34\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-021-01219-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-021-01219-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rutherford H. J. V. Wallace N. S. Laurent H. K. Mayes L. C. (2015). Emotion regulation in parenthood. Developmental Review 36 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dr.2014.12.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2014.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-94598-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shlonsky A. Friend C. Lambert L. (2007). From culture clash to new possibilities: A harm reduction approach to family violence and child protection services. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 7(4) 345\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brief-treatment\/mhm015","DOI":"10.1093\/brief-treatment\/mhm015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith L. Hunt K. Parker S. Camp J. Stewart C. Morris A. (2023). Parent and carer skills groups in dialectical behaviour therapy for high-risk adolescents with severe emotion dysregulation: A mixed-methods evaluation of participants\u2019 outcomes and experiences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20(14) Article 6334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20146334","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20146334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stepp S. D. Whalen D. J. Pilkonis P. A. Hipwell A. E. Levine M. D. (2012). Children of mothers with borderline personality disorder: Identifying parenting behaviors as potential targets for intervention. Personality Disorders: Theory Research and Treatment 3(1) 76\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0023081","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023081"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sterne J. A. C. Hern\u00e1n M. A. Reeves B. C. Savovi\u0107 J. Berkman N. D. Viswanathan M. Henry D. Altman D. G. Ansari M. T. Boutron I. Carpenter J. R. Chan A.-W. Churchill R. Deeks J. J. Hr\u00f3bjartsson A. Kirkham J. J\u00fcni P. Loke Y. K. Pigott T. D. .\u2004.\u2004. Higgins J. P. T. (2016). ROBINS-I: A tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ 355 Article i4919. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sterne J. A. C. Savovi\u0107 J. Page M. J. Elbers R. G. Blencowe N. S. Boutron I. Cates C. J. Cheng H.-Y. Corbett M. S. Eldridge S. M. Hern\u00e1n M. A. Hopewell S. Hr\u00f3bjartsson A. Junqueira D. R. J\u00fcni P. Kirkham J. J. Lasserson T. Li T. McAleenan A. .\u2004.\u2004. Higgins J. P. T. (2019). RoB 2: A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 366 Article l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sved Williams A. Hill R. (2023). The management of perinatal borderline personality disorder. Journal of Clinical Medicine 12(21) Article 6850. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12216850","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigeveno D. E. Maric M. Onghena P. Hupkes M. (2025). Evaluation of a parenting program for mothers with a borderline personality disorder: A multiple baseline single-case experimental design study. Evaluation & the Health Professions 48(1) 3\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/016327872412882","DOI":"10.1177\/01632787241288218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vlahovicova K. Melendez-Torres G. J. Leijten P. Knerr W. Gardner F. (2017). Parenting programs for the prevention of child physical abuse recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 20(3) 351\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-017-0232-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-017-0232-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","first-page":"224","volume-title":"Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents","author":"Webster-Stratton C.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Webster-Stratton C., Reid M. J. (2003). The Incredible Years parents, teachers, and children training series: A multifaceted treatment approach for young children with conduct problems. In Kazdin A. E., Weisz J. R. (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (pp. 224\u2013240). Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson H. Donachie A. L. (2018). Evaluating the effectiveness of a dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) informed programme in a community perinatal team. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 46(5) 541\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1352465817000790","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465817000790"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zalewski M. Lewis J. K. Martin C. G. (2018). Identifying novel applications of dialectical behavior therapy: Considering emotion regulation and parenting. Current Opinion in Psychology 21 122\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2018.02.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2018.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zalewski M. Maliken A. C. Lengua L. J. Martin C. G. Roos L. E. Everett Y. (2023). Integrating dialectical behavior therapy with child and parent training interventions: A narrative and theoretical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 28(1) Article e12363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cpsp.12363","DOI":"10.1111\/cpsp.12363"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang X. Beatty A. Abela K. & others. (2023). Assessing parental emotion regulation in the context of parenting: A systematic review. Developmental Review 69 Article 101092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dr.2023.101092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2023.101092"}],"container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380261480157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15248380261480157","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380261480157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T07:48:17Z","timestamp":1792136897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15248380261480157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15248380261480157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380261480157","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8380","1552-8324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"article-number":"15248380261480157"}}