{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:11:46Z","timestamp":1789675906067,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sexualized deepfake abuse is increasingly understood as a form of image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) whose harms develop through platform-mediated circulation. This scoping review examined 54 English-language peer-reviewed journal articles published between December 1, 2017, and January 13, 2026, identified through Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest. Legal and conceptual scholarship predominated. Victim-centered empirical and intervention research was comparatively sparse. Claims based on direct observation were separated from doctrinal legal analysis, conceptual reasoning, and arguments about institutional response. Across the corpus, terminology shifted from content-led labels such as \u201cdeepfake pornography\u201d toward victim-centered language that situates the abuse within IBSA. Harm was traced across production, distribution, visibility, and recirculation and was characterized as multidimensional and cumulative, encompassing distress, stigma, potential relational and occupational consequences, self-censorship, and procedural burden. Misinformation-first and celebrity-centered frames often obscured everyday victimization and unequal access to remedy. The resulting cumulative harm and response model connects lifecycle stages, harm domains, and digital justice and identifies priorities for reducing reporting burden, limiting discoverability, and coordinating support. Direct evaluations of intervention effectiveness remain scarce.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380261480163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:46:16Z","timestamp":1789530376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sexualized Deepfake Abuse as Image-Based Sexual Abuse: A Scoping Review of Platform-Mediated Circulation and Cumulative Harm"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8925-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongjie","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdulla S. M. (2025). Are deepfakes abnormal enough? On using norm shifts in gender and sexuality safety measures. IEEE Security & Privacy 23(4) 15\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MSEC.2025.3577741","DOI":"10.1109\/MSEC.2025.3577741"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arksey H. O\u2019Malley L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 8(1) 19\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1364557032000119616","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benn C. (2025). Deepfakes pornography and consent. Philosophers\u2019 Imprint 25 Article 24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3998\/phimp.2653","DOI":"10.3998\/phimp.2653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown W. Fleming D. H. (2020). Celebrity headjobs: Or oozing squid sex with a framed-up leaky {Schar-J\u00d8}. Porn Studies 7(4) 357\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2020.1815570","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2020.1815570"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Ruiter A. (2021). The distinct wrong of deepfakes. Philosophy & Technology 34(4) 1311\u20131332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13347-021-00459-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-021-00459-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eaton A. A. Scott A. J. Flynn A. Powell A. (2026). Perceptions of sexualized deepfake abuse across three nations: An exploration of how victim gender and race shape attitudes towards deepfake abuse in the United States the United Kingdom and Australia. Computers in Human Behavior 177 Article 108899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2025.108899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2025.108899"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falduti M. Tessaris S. (2023). Mapping the interdisciplinary research on non-consensual pornography: Technical and quantitative perspectives. Digital Threats: Research and Practice 4(3) 1\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3608483","DOI":"10.1145\/3608483"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farish K. (2020). Do deepfakes pose a golden opportunity? Considering whether English law should adopt California\u2019s publicity right in the age of the deepfake. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15(1) 40\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jiplp\/jpz139","DOI":"10.1093\/jiplp\/jpz139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fereday J. Muir-Cochrane E. (2006). Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: A hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 5(1) 80\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/160940690600500107","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fido D. Rao J. Harper C. A. (2022). Celebrity status sex and variation in psychopathy predicts judgements of and proclivity to generate and distribute deepfake pornography. Computers in Human Behavior 129 Article 107141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynn A. Powell A. Eaton A. A. Scott A. J. (2025). Sexualized deepfake abuse: Perpetrator and victim perspectives on the motivations and forms of non-consensually created and shared sexualized deepfake imagery. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605251368834","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605251368834"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flynn A. Powell A. Scott A. J. Cama E. (2022). Deepfakes and digitally altered imagery abuse: A cross-country exploration of an emerging form of image-based sexual abuse. The British Journal of Criminology 62(6) 1341\u20131358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjc\/azab111","DOI":"10.1093\/bjc\/azab111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furizal Ma\u2019arif A. Maghfiroh H. Suwarno I. Prayogi D. Kariyamin Lonang S. Sharkawy A.-N. (2025). Social legal and ethical implications of AI-generated deepfake pornography on digital platforms: A systematic literature review. Social Sciences & Humanities Open 12 Article 101882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssaho.2025.101882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssaho.2025.101882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giddens L. Gerhart N. Torres R. Petter S. (2025). Nonconsensual sexually explicit deepfakes: Moving beyond taboos and barriers. Communications of the Association for Information Systems 57 603\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17705\/1CAIS.05725","DOI":"10.17705\/1CAIS.05725"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gosse C. Burkell J. (2020). Politics and porn: How news media characterizes problems presented by deepfakes. Critical Studies in Media Communication 37(5) 497\u2013511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15295036.2020.1832697","DOI":"10.1080\/15295036.2020.1832697"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gotora N. T. (2024). Unmasking deception: Deepfake regulation in the context of South African law could a rethinking of performers\u2019 protection rights be the answer? International Journal of Law and Information Technology 32 Article eaae026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijlit\/eaae026","DOI":"10.1093\/ijlit\/eaae026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guerrero-Sierra H. F. Palacio Puerta M. Garavito Rinc\u00f3n D. F. (2025). Threats and regulatory challenges of non-consensual pornographic deepfakes: An analysis of the Colombian case. Cogent Social Sciences 11(1) Article 2552342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311886.2025.2552342","DOI":"10.1080\/23311886.2025.2552342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harper C. A. Fido D. Petronzi D. (2021). Delineating non-consensual sexual image offending: Towards an empirical approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior 58 Article 101547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2021.101547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2021.101547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry N. Beard G. (2024). Image-based sexual abuse perpetration: A scoping review. Trauma Violence & Abuse 25(5) 3981\u20133998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380241266137","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380241266137"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry N. McGlynn C. Flynn A. Johnson K. Powell A. Scott A. J. (2020). Image-based sexual abuse: A study on the causes and consequences of non-consensual nude or sexual imagery. Routledge. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781351135153","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351135153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Henry N. Umbach R. Shelby R. Beard G. Given L. M. (2026). \u2018It\u2019s still abuse\u2019: Community attitudes and perceptions on AI-generated image-based sexual abuse. Information Communication & Society. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1369118X.2026.2613437","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2026.2613437"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jacobs K. (2024). DIY pornography and the deepfake coup. Porn Studies 11(1) 91\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2023.2297691","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2023.2297691"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ji S. (2025). #MeToo in an AI-generated deepfake sexual violence era in South Korea. Women's Studies International Forum 112 Article 103146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wsif.2025.103146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wsif.2025.103146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung S. H. Noh H. (2026). From grassroots advocacy to AI governance: Lessons from South Korea\u2019s 2024 deepfake sexual abuse crisis on democratising knowledge and policy. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 50(3) 299\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01924036.2025.2596578","DOI":"10.1080\/01924036.2025.2596578"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karagianni A. Doh M. (2024). A feminist legal analysis of non-consensual sexualized deepfakes: Contextualizing its impact as AI-generated image-based violence under EU law. Porn Studies. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2024.2408277","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2024.2408277"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karasavva V. Noorbhai A. (2021). The real threat of deepfake pornography: A review of Canadian policy. Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking 24(3) 203\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cyber.2020.0272","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2020.0272"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keren-Paz T. (2025). Pornographic deep fakes: Liability for breach of privacy in cases of parody? Journal of Tort Law 18(2) 553\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jtl-2025-0030","DOI":"10.1515\/jtl-2025-0030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kikerpill K. (2020). Choose your stars and studs: The rise of deepfake designer porn. Porn Studies 7(4) 352\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2020.1765851","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2020.1765851"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kira B. (2024). When non-consensual intimate deepfakes go viral: The insufficiency of the UK Online Safety Act. Computer Law & Security Review 54 Article 106024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clsr.2024.106024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clsr.2024.106024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazard L. Capdevila R. Turley E. L. Gilfoyle K. Stavropoulou N. (2025). Deepfake technology and gender-based violence: A scoping review. Trauma Violence & Abuse. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380251384271","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380251384271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee J.-Y. (2026). Silenced by non-consensual deepfakes? Perceived threat and online self-censorship among female users: Mediating roles of perceived control belief in a just world and passive SNS use. Telematics and Informatics Reports 21 Article 100279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.teler.2025.100279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teler.2025.100279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorca J. G. (2025). It\u2019s not porn it\u2019s sexual abuse: A scoping review of sexual deepfakes public opinions perpetration and harms. Violence and Gender 12(4) 95\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23267836251389595","DOI":"10.1177\/23267836251389595"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucas K. T. (2022). Deepfakes and domestic violence: Perpetrating intimate partner abuse using video technology. Victims & Offenders 17(5) 647\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15564886.2022.2036656","DOI":"10.1080\/15564886.2022.2036656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maddocks S. (2020). \u2018A deepfake porn plot intended to silence me\u2019: Exploring continuities between pornographic and \u2018political\u2019 deep fakes. Porn Studies 7(4) 415\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2020.1757499","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2020.1757499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mania K. (2024). Legal protection of revenge and deepfake porn victims in the European Union: Findings from a comparative legal study. Trauma Violence & Abuse 25(1) 117\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380221143772","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380221143772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maras M.-H. Logie K. (2024). Countering the complex multifaceted nature of nude and sexually explicit deepfakes: An Augean task? Crime Science 13 Article 31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40163-024-00226-6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40163-024-00226-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin N. (2025). Online safety regulation of deepfake abuse: A case study on Australia\u2019s eSafety Commissioner. Griffith Law Review 34(1) 23\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10383441.2025.2504791","DOI":"10.1080\/10383441.2025.2504791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGlynn C. Rackley E. (2017). Image-based sexual abuse. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 37(3) 534\u2013561. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ojls\/gqw033","DOI":"10.1093\/ojls\/gqw033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McGlynn C. Toparlak R. T. (2025). The \u2018new voyeurism\u2019: Criminalizing the creation of \u2018deepfake porn\u2019. Journal of Law and Society 52(2) 204\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jols.12527","DOI":"10.1111\/jols.12527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasution A. V. A. Suteki Lumbanraja A. D. (2025). Addressing deepfake pornography and the right to be forgotten in Indonesia: Legal challenges in the era of AI-driven sexual abuse. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 38(7) 2489\u20132517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11196-025-10265-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11196-025-10265-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newton O. B. Stanfill M. (2020). My NSFW video has partial occlusion: Deepfakes and the technological production of non-consensual pornography. Porn Studies 7(4) 398\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2019.1675091","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2019.1675091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Connell A. (2020). Image rights and image wrongs: Image-based sexual abuse and online takedown. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 15(1) 55\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jiplp\/jpz150","DOI":"10.1093\/jiplp\/jpz150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6hman C. (2020). Introducing the pervert's dilemma: A contribution to the critique of deepfake pornography. Ethics and Information Technology 22(2) 133\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10676-019-09522-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-019-09522-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","unstructured":"Okolie C. (2023). Artificial intelligence-altered videos (deepfakes) image-based sexual abuse and data privacy concerns. Journal of International Women\u2019s Studies 25(2) Article 11. https:\/\/vc.bridgew.edu\/jiws\/vol25\/iss2\/11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pak S. H. L. Wu C. Choi K. W. Y. Choi E. P. H. (2024). Measuring technology-facilitated sexual violence and abuse in the Chinese context: Development study and content validity analysis. JMIR Formative Research 8 Article e65199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/65199","DOI":"10.2196\/65199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popova M. (2020). Reading out of context: Pornographic deepfakes celebrity and intimacy. Porn Studies 7(4) 367\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2019.1675090","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2019.1675090"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramadhani E. R. Rachmawati A. R. Kurnikova R. H. (2025). Integrating Islamic values with the right to be forgotten: A legal approach to addressing deepfake pornography in Indonesia. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar\u2019iah 17(1) 112\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18860\/j-fsh.v17i1.28880","DOI":"10.18860\/j-fsh.v17i1.28880"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rigotti C. McGlynn C. Benning F. (2024). Image-based sexual abuse and EU law: A critical analysis. German Law Journal 25(9) 1472\u20131493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/glj.2024.49","DOI":"10.1017\/glj.2024.49"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saxena P. Pathak G. (2025). Deepfakes big tech and human rights challenges: Examining the technology from a feminist legal lens. The International Journal of Human Rights. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13642987.2025.2602137","DOI":"10.1080\/13642987.2025.2602137"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160epec M. Lango M. (2020). Virtual revenge pornography as a new online threat to sexual integrity. Balkan Social Science Review 15 117\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46763\/BSSR20150118sh","DOI":"10.46763\/BSSR20150118sh"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Story D. Jenkins R. (2023). Deepfake pornography and the ethics of non-veridical representations. Philosophy & Technology 36 Article 56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13347-023-00657-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s13347-023-00657-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tricco A. C. Lillie E. Zarin W. O\u2019Brien K. K. Colquhoun H. Levac D. Moher D. Peters M. D. J. Horsley T. Weeks L. Hempel S. Akl E. A. Chang C. McGowan J. Stewart L. Hartling L. Aldcroft A. Wilson M. G. Garritty C. . . . Straus S. E. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine 169(7) 467\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M18-0850","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Nagel E. (2020). Verifying images: Deepfakes control and consent. Porn Studies 7(4) 424\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2020.1741434","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2020.1741434"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Viola M. Voto C. (2023). Designed to abuse? Deepfakes and the non-consensual diffusion of intimate images. Synthese 201(1) Article 30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11229-022-04012-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s11229-022-04012-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wagner T. L. Blewer A. (2019). \u201cThe word real is no longer real\u201d: Deepfakes gender and the challenges of AI-altered video. Open Information Science 3(1) 32\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/opis-2019-0003","DOI":"10.1515\/opis-2019-0003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang S. Kim S. (2022). Users\u2019 emotional and behavioral responses to deepfake videos of K-pop idols. Computers in Human Behavior 134 Article 107305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams K. (2025). \u201cThere are no limits!\u201d: AI undressing apps and the normalization of nonconsensual intimate deepfakes. Violence Against Women. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10778012251397966","DOI":"10.1177\/10778012251397966"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winter R. Salter A. (2020). Deepfakes: Uncovering hardcore open source on GitHub. Porn Studies 7(4) 382\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23268743.2019.1642794","DOI":"10.1080\/23268743.2019.1642794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang Z. Hu Z. (2025). Negotiating feminist solidarity amid digital nationalism: Analyzing Chinese debate to the 2024 South Korean deepfake sex crime. Asian Journal of Women\u2019s Studies 31(2) 216\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/12259276.2025.2511728","DOI":"10.1080\/12259276.2025.2511728"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yavuz C. (2025). Adverse human rights impacts of dissemination of nonconsensual sexual deepfakes in the framework of European Convention on Human Rights: A victim-centered perspective. Computer Law & Security Review 56 Article 106108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clsr.2025.106108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clsr.2025.106108"}],"container-title":["Trauma, Violence, &amp; Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380261480163","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15248380261480163","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248380261480163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:49:14Z","timestamp":1789674554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15248380261480163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15248380261480163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380261480163","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8380","1552-8324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8380","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-8324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"article-number":"15248380261480163"}}