{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:29:12Z","timestamp":1777678152689,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sagepub.com\/licence-information-for-chorus"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012676","name":"National Collegiate Athletic Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012676","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014055","name":"u.s. army medical research acquisition activity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs","award":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-14-2-0151"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Promotion Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Concussion education have served as a keystone for improving concussion reporting. Numerous factors affecting concussion reporting have been explored; however, the role of socioeconomic status (SES) in reporting has not been established. We examined the influence of SES and academic achievement (high-school grade point average [HS-GPA] and American College Testing [ACT] composite scores) on athletes\u2019 concussion-reporting intentions and behaviors. A cross-sectional study was employed among 191 athletes (94 female; age 19.3 \u00b1 1.2 years). Athletes reported SES metrics (parental education and occupation, household income, HS-GPA, and ACT composite score) prior to their athletic season and completed a survey assessing symptom- and concussion-reporting intentions. Symptom- and concussion-reporting behaviors were assessed among athletes who experienced a concussion within the past year. SES was determined using the Hollingshead Four-Factor Index grouping athletes into SES strata. Athletes were grouped into low\/high categories for academic achievement and household income variables. The 191 athletes were included for symptom- and concussion-reporting intentions analyses, while 46 and 41 were included for symptom- and concussion-reporting behavior, respectively. Nonparametric statistics with false discovery rate adjusted p values were employed. We found symptom- and concussion-reporting intentions, and symptom- and concussion-reporting behaviors were not significantly different based on SES strata (all p values \u2265.64), household income (all p values \u2265.64), HS-GPA (all p values \u2265.24), or ACT scores (all p values \u2265.25). Overall, SES and academic achievement may not play a role in understanding concussion reporting among middle- to high-SES collegiate athletes. Implementing policies targeting certain SES and academic levels might be an ineffective health care strategy for increasing reporting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839920920289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,23]],"date-time":"2020-05-23T02:07:13Z","timestamp":1590199633000},"page":"649-658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Influence of Socioeconomic Status and Academic Standing on Concussion-Reporting Intentions and Behaviors in Collegiate Athletes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0007-1362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Landon B.","family":"Lempke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle L. Weber","family":"Rawlins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"},{"name":"A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa N.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. Stephen","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Lynall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9363-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julianne D.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-51.5.02"},{"key":"bibr2-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e3182639bb4"},{"key":"bibr3-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.5.742"},{"key":"bibr4-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922811425233"},{"key":"bibr6-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0707-1"},{"key":"bibr7-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-52.3.08"},{"key":"bibr8-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2016-000118"},{"key":"bibr9-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10791102009002005"},{"key":"bibr10-1524839920920289","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000495"},{"key":"bibr11-1524839920920289","first-page":"15","volume":"21","author":"Druckman J. 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