{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:28:55Z","timestamp":1777678135987,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations","award":["National Cancer Institute R25 CA112383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National Cancer Institute R25 CA112383"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005595","name":"University of California","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Promotion Practice"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vietnamese Americans experience high rates of infectious disease-related cancers, specifically cervical cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and liver cancer linked to Hepatitis B (Hep B). Vaccination is critical for cancer prevention, but HPV and Hep B vaccine uptake remains suboptimal among this group. This qualitative study examined factors influencing Vietnamese American young adults\u2019 decisions to receive elective vaccines, including HPV, Hep B, flu, and COVID-19. Twenty-one participants, aged 18 to 26, were recruited through social media platforms and participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed high levels of vaccine acceptance, with common themes including family influence, cultural values, and concerns about side effects. While COVID-19 and flu vaccines were generally accepted due to work or school requirements, family protection, and trust in health care providers, HPV and Hep B vaccines had more hesitancy, particularly due to misconceptions around reproductive health and lack of awareness. Results highlight the cultural importance of familial responsibility, particularly the concept of filial piety, in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The study suggests future cancer vaccine interventions should integrate cultural and familial dynamics to position HPV and Hep B vaccines as essential cancer prevention tools. Engaging families, health care providers, and community networks in vaccine promotion efforts may help improve coverage rates and reduce cancer disparities in the Vietnamese American population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248399251394711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T08:38:27Z","timestamp":1763973507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaccine Beliefs and Intentions Among Vietnamese Americans"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3872-8777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine Tonhu","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine Joe C. Wen School of Population &amp; Public Health, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8829-9363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sora Park","family":"Tanjasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine Joe C. Wen School of Population &amp; Public Health, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belotto M. (2018). Data analysis methods for qualitative research: Managing the challenges of coding interrater reliability and thematic analysis. The Qualitative Report 23(11) 2622\u20132633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46743\/2160-3715\/2018.3492","DOI":"10.46743\/2160-3715\/2018.3492"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","unstructured":"Budiman A. Ruiz N. G. (2021). Key facts about Asian Americans a diverse and growing population. Pew Research Center. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/short-reads\/2021\/04\/29\/key-facts-about-asian-americans\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campbell J. L. Quincy C. Osserman J. Pedersen O. K. (2013). Coding in-depth semistructured interviews: Problems of unitization and intercoder reliability and agreement. Sociological Methods & Research 42(3) 294\u2013320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0049124113500475","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124113500475"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen C.-C. Kim W. S. Todd M. Larkey L. (2022). A digital storytelling intervention for Vietnamese American mothers to promote their children\u2019s HPV vaccination. Cancer Prevention Research 15(7) 465\u2013472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-21-0618","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-21-0618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chu J. N. Stewart S. L. Gildengorin G. Wong C. Lam H. McPhee S. J. Chen M. S. Bastani R. Maxwell A. E. Taylor V. M. Nguyen T. T. (2022). Effect of a media intervention on hepatitis B screening among Vietnamese Americans. Ethnicity & Health 27(2) 361\u2013374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13557858.2019.1672862","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2019.1672862"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cofie N. Braund H. Dalgarno N. (2022). Eight ways to get a grip on intercoder reliability using qualitative-based measures. Canadian Medical Education Journal 13(2) 73\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36834\/cmej.72504","DOI":"10.36834\/cmej.72504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Constable C. Caplan A. (2020). Comparison of the implementation of human papillomavirus and hepatitis B vaccination programs in the United States: Implications for future vaccines. Vaccine 38(5) 954\u2013962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.11.073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.11.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duong H. T. Hopfer S. (2021). Let\u2019s Chat: Development of a family group chat cancer prevention intervention for Vietnamese families. Health Education & Behavior 48(2) 208\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1090198121990389","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198121990389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fallucca A. Immordino P. Riggio L. Casuccio A. Vitale F. Restivo V. (2022). Acceptability of HPV vaccination in young students by exploring Health Belief Model and health literacy. Vaccines 10(7) 998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines10070998","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10070998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guest G. Namey E. Chen M. (2020). A simple method to assess and report thematic saturation in qualitative research. PLOS ONE 15(5) e0232076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0232076","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gutierrez F. Wolfe J. (2022). Using the Health Belief Model to improve influenza vaccination rates. JAAPA 35(10) 46\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.JAA.0000873832.52485.65","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JAA.0000873832.52485.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones C. L. Jensen J. D. Scherr C. L. Brown N. R. Christy K. Weaver J. (2015). The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework in communication research: Exploring parallel serial and moderated mediation. Health Communication 30(6) 566\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10410236.2013.873363","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2013.873363"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee A. W. Jacobs W. Chan E. Nguyen B. Hua D. N. Ho J. N. Yuen P. Van Nguyen T. (2019). Insight into hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among Vietnamese Americans: A cross-sectional analysis of data from a community-based screening program. BMJ Open 9(8) e029616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029616","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee R. J. Madan R. A. Kim J. Posadas E. M. Yu E. Y. (2021). Disparities in cancer care and the Asian American population. The Oncologist 26(6) 453\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/onco.13748","DOI":"10.1002\/onco.13748"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li W. W. Singh S. Keerthigha C. (2021). A cross-cultural study of filial piety and palliative care knowledge: Moderating effect of culture and universality of filial piety. Frontiers in Psychology 12 787724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.787724","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.787724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lupu D. Tiganasu R. (2024). Does education influence COVID-19 vaccination? A global view. Heliyon 10(3) e24709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma G. X. Fang C. Tan Y. Feng Z. Ge S. Nguyen C. (2015). Increasing cervical cancer screening among Vietnamese Americans: A community-based intervention trial. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 26(2A) 36\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1353\/hpu.2015.0064","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2015.0064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McDonald N. Schoenebeck S. Forte A. (2019). Reliability and inter-rater reliability in qualitative research: Norms and guidelines for CSCW and HCI practice. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3(CSCW) 1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3359174","DOI":"10.1145\/3359174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen C. Gilbert L. Diep J. Nguyen B.-M. (2022). Identifying facilitators and barriers to increasing COVID-19 vaccination and trial participation in vaccinated Vietnamese Americans. Health Equity 6(1) 485\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/heq.2022.0032","DOI":"10.1089\/heq.2022.0032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen T. T. McPhee S. J. Stewart S. Gildengorin G. Zhang L. Wong C. Maxwell A. E. Bastani R. Taylor V. M. Chen M. S. (2010). Factors associated with Hepatitis B testing among Vietnamese Americans. Journal of General Internal Medicine 25(7) 694\u2013700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-010-1285-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-010-1285-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen-Truong C. K. Y. Hassouneh D. Lee-Lin F. Hsiao C.-Y. Le T. V. Tang J. Vu M. Truong A. M. (2018). Health care providers\u2019 perspectives on barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening in Vietnamese American women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 29(5) 441\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1043659617745135","DOI":"10.1177\/1043659617745135"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pham C. Fong T.-L. Zhang J. Liu L. (2018). Striking racial\/ethnic disparities in liver cancer incidence rates and temporal trends in California 1988\u20132012. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 110(11) 1259\u20131269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/djy051","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ta Park V. M. Dougan M. Meyer O. L. Nam B. Tzuang M. Park L. G. Vuong Q. Tsoh J. Y. (2021). Vaccine willingness: Findings from the COVID-19 effects on the mental and physical health of Asian Americans & Pacific Islanders survey study (COMPASS). Preventive Medicine Reports 23 101480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmedr.2021.101480","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2021.101480"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tse S. C. Wyatt L. C. Trinh-Shevrin C. Kwon S. C. (2018). Racial\/ethnic differences in influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates among older adults in New York City and Los Angeles and Orange Counties. Preventing Chronic Disease 15 180101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5888\/pcd15.180101","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd15.180101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vedapudi V. Byrnes M. Skolarus T. Stensland K. (2024). Zooming towards rapid qualitative research for implementation science. Health Behavior Research 7(3) 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4148\/2572-1836.1234","DOI":"10.4148\/2572-1836.1234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vedio A. Liu E. Z. H. Lee A. C. K. Salway S. (2017). Improving access to health care for chronic hepatitis B among migrant Chinese populations: A systematic mixed methods review of barriers and enablers. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 24(7) 526\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jvh.12673","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12673"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vu M. Bednarczyk R. A. Escoffery C. Ta D. Huynh V. N. Berg C. J. (2022). U.S. Vietnamese parents\u2019 HPV vaccine decision-making for their adolescents: An exploration of practice- provider- and patient-level influences. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 45(2) 197\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10865-021-00265-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-021-00265-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vu M. Berg C. J. Escoffery C. Jang H. M. Nguyen T. T. Travis L. Bednarczyk R. A. (2020). A systematic review of practice- provider- and patient-level determinants impacting Asian-Americans\u2019 human papillomavirus vaccine intention and uptake. Vaccine 38(41) 6388\u20136401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.07.059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.07.059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vu M. Berg C. J. Pham N.-H. T. Tiro J. A. Escoffery C. Spring B. Bednarczyk R. A. Ta D. Kandula N. R. (2023). U.S. Vietnamese parents\u2019 trusted sources of information and preferences for intervention messaging about HPV vaccination: A mixed methods study. PEC Innovation 3 100189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pecinn.2023.100189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2023.100189"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu T.-Y. Ford O. Rainville A. J. Yang X. Chow C. M. Lally S. Bessire R. Donnelly J. (2022). Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine racism and social vulnerability: An examination among East Asian Americans Southeast Asian Americans South Asian Americans and others. Vaccines 10(8) 1333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines10081333","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10081333"}],"container-title":["Health Promotion Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248399251394711","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15248399251394711","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15248399251394711","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:26:21Z","timestamp":1777451181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15248399251394711"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15248399251394711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248399251394711","relation":{},"ISSN":["1524-8399","1552-6372"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1524-8399","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6372","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"article-number":"15248399251394711"}}