{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T07:28:04Z","timestamp":1793604484471,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Transportation","award":["24113111v2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24113111v2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Health Promotion Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Public transportation has positive impacts for both individual and community health, but funding and scalability are political challenges. Understanding civic processes, such as voting, is key to advancing health equity through large-scale policy change. The purpose of this study is to understand voter support for tax-funded public transportation. This study employed a cross-sectional survey of randomly sampled voters in Kansas City, Missouri, collected from October 2023 to January 2024. Of the 2,577 respondents, 79% participated in the election of interest. Two-sample proportion tests for pairwise comparisons of support for taxes were used to calculate test statistics,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -values, and effect sizes. Most participants supported the current (84.43%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,719) and potential future (72.45%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,475) taxes to support public transit. Recent bus use and proximity to a bus stop were significantly associated with current and future tax support. Notably, 48.26% of respondents unaware of the free fares supported the current tax compared to 71.06% of those aware (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001, h\u2009=\u20090.47). Free fare public transit may be a motivating factor for funding services among voters. Public health professionals and researchers should work to better understand and leverage the interplay between public policy, institutional legitimacy, and civic engagement to improve the upstream determinants of health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15248399261486435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:37:26Z","timestamp":1789731446000},"page":"1022-1029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Promoting Health Equity Through Tax-Funded Zero-Fare Public Transit: A Survey of Voters From Kansas City, MO"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8536-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Lightner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0803-2341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacob","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Diego State University, CA, USA"},{"name":"University of California, San Diego, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiana","family":"Sylvaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jannette","family":"Berkley-Patton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Chesnut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0132-1696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Grimes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"American Public Transportation Association. 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(2003). The economic benefits of public investment in transportation: A review of recent literature. Journal of Planning Education and Research 22(3) 288\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0739456X02250317","DOI":"10.1177\/0739456X02250317"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","unstructured":"Boesen U. (2020 August 25). Who will pay for the roads? Tax Foundation. https:\/\/taxfoundation.org\/research\/all\/federal\/road-funding-vehicle-miles-traveled-tax\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","unstructured":"Bureau US Census. (2026). American community survey 5-year data (2009-2024). https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/developers\/data-sets\/acs-5year.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","unstructured":"Burrows M. Burd C. McKenzie B. (2021). Commuting by public transportation in the United States: 2019 (ACS-48). American Community Survey. https:\/\/www.census.gov\/content\/dam\/Census\/library\/publications\/2021\/acs\/acs-48.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carson J. Carlson J. Grimes A. Berkley-Patton J. Allsworth J. E. Prochnow T. Abreu H. Oliveira R. B. Lightner J. S. (2026). Public health in the political sphere: Zero-fare public transportation as a case study and call to action. Health Education & Behavior. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10901981261441283","DOI":"10.1177\/10901981261441283"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Transportation). (2024 November 8). Improving health through transportation policy. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/transportation\/php\/about\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","unstructured":"Cella K. (2023 November 8). KC voters say yes to bus tax renewal\u2013Citizens for modern transit. https:\/\/cmt-stl.org\/kc-voters-say-yes-to-bus-tax-renewal\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen J. (1992). A Power Primer. 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