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Understanding how the posterior portions of the tongue move is vital for understanding speech motor control, especially with regard to speech development. This study used ultrasound imaging of \/r\/ productions by adult native speakers of Spanish to characterize the contribution of the posterior portion of the tongue to effective production of the sound. The results show that beyond raising the anterior portion of the tongue for trilling, Spanish speakers also retract the back part of their tongue (i.e., the tongue root). This movement resembles that seen for the production of the rhotic English approximant (\u0279). Clinical implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15257401221111531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]],"date-time":"2022-07-20T05:39:03Z","timestamp":1658295543000},"page":"143-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tongue Root Configuration of the Apicoalveolar Trill \/r\/: An Ultrasound Imaging Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7788-421X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Rivera Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne E.","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenfang","family":"Hwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany N.","family":"DeMott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15257401221111531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.417972"},{"key":"bibr2-15257401221111531","first-page":"206","volume":"34","author":"Bacsfalvi P.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology"},{"key":"bibr3-15257401221111531","unstructured":"Blecua Falgueras B. (2001). Las vibrantes del espa\u00f1ol: manifestaciones ac\u00fasticas y procesos fon\u00e9ticos. Departamento de Filolog\u00eda Espa\u00f1ola. http:\/\/www.tdx.cat\/handle\/10803\/4859"},{"key":"bibr4-15257401221111531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boyce S. (2015). The articulatory phonetics of \/r\/ for residual sound errors. Seminars in Speech and Language, 36, 257\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/ggp93v","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1562909"},{"key":"bibr5-15257401221111531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2015.1127999"},{"key":"bibr6-15257401221111531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delattre P. (1971). Consonant gemination in four languages: An acoustic, perceptual, and radiographic study part I. 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