{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T14:44:30Z","timestamp":1777819470098,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]],"date-time":"2000-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":975628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endovasc Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop a porcine carotid artery thrombosis model using a novel stent-graft device to evaluate the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy and angioplasty procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An endovascular device made from a tapered polytetrafluoroethylene graft inverted in a self-expanding nitinol stent was delivered to bilateral carotid arteries via a right femoral approach in 16 pigs. Carotid thrombotic occlusion ensued from flow stasis created by the intrastent stenosis. Via selective carotid catheterization from a femoral approach, urokinase (250,000 IU) was pulse-sprayed in one carotid artery while a control saline solution was infused in the contralateral vessel; delivery times were 1 hour, 8 hours, 3 days, or 6 days after carotid occlusion (4 animals per time period). After thrombolysis, balloon angioplasty was performed to maintain carotid patency. Arteriography and intravascular ultrasound were used to evaluate the efficacy of thrombolysis. Light microscopy was used for histological analysis of the thrombus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Carotid artery occlusion occurred in 15 \u00b1 8 minutes after stent-graft placement in all animals. Urokinase was effective in recanalizing all occluded arteries in the 1-hour, 4-hour, and 3-day groups (100%) but was effective in only 2 of 4 animals in the 6-day group (p &lt; 0.05). Overall thrombolytic efficacy was 78% \u00b1 7%. Control saline solution showed no thrombolytic effect (p &lt; 0.001). Angioplasty successfully restored normal luminal diameter in all fully lysed arteries (100%). Histological analysis showed fibrin-predominant thrombus with a varying degree of platelet deposition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This endovascular approach, which creates a carotid stenosis using this novel stent-graft device, is reliable in producing carotid thrombosis. In our model, thrombolytic therapy was effective in restoring luminal patency, and the intraluminal stenosis is amenable to balloon angioplasty. The model is useful for the evaluation of antithrombotic therapy and adjunctive endovascular interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280000700609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T06:13:55Z","timestamp":1426745635000},"page":"486-493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Endovascular Model of Carotid Stenosis for the Evaluation of Thrombolysis and Angioplasty"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Surowiec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Conklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth L.","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Changyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elliot L.","family":"Chaikof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan B.","family":"Lumsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152660289600300112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(96)00487-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152660289700400402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280000700110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","volume-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","author":"National Institutes of Health","year":"1985","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. (NIH publication 80-23.) Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, 1985."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"1495","article-title":"Pulse-spray pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis of thrombosed hemodialysis access grafts: long-term experience and comparison of original and current techniques","volume":"164","author":"Valji K","year":"1995","unstructured":"Valji K, Bookstein JJ. Pulse-spray pharmaco-mechanical thrombolysis of thrombosed hemodialysis access grafts: long-term experience and comparison of original and current techniques. AJR Am J Radiol. 1995;164:1495\u20131500.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(96)70248-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199604000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650713"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1051-0443(98)70334-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1994.01880330075014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650714"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.5.703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.63.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-3848(90)90106-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-3848(97)00308-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"1348","article-title":"Chronic arterial occlusion in a canine model: a novel technique [letter]","volume":"155","author":"Ravimandalam K","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ravimandalam K, Rao VR, Kumar S. Chronic arterial occlusion in a canine model: a novel technique [letter]. Am J Radiol. 1990;155:1348.","journal-title":"Am J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08941939309141192"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280000700310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1965.tb49444.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-6980(82)90176-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.51.5.587"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.63.5.903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/10.suppl_F.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.17.6.1254"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.17.4.638"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.4.920"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endovascular Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/152660280000700609","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/152660280000700609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T21:28:02Z","timestamp":1777498082000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/152660280000700609"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/152660280000700609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/152660280000700609","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-6028","1545-1550"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-6028","type":"print"},{"value":"1545-1550","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}}}