{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T14:54:05Z","timestamp":1777820045809,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endovasc Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review the immediate neurological and bleeding complications associated with the use of glycoprotein (GP) IIb\/IIIa inhibitors in patients undergoing extracranial carotid artery stent placement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review was performed of 550 patients (321 men; mean age 71.1 years, range 28\u201391) who underwent carotid artery angioplasty and stent placement. Glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors were given prophylactically along with heparin to 216 patients, whose outcomes were compared to a control group of 334 patients who received intravenous heparin alone. Primary endpoints were the immediate and 30-day neurological complications, including transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), minor and major strokes, and neurologically-related deaths. The secondary endpoint was any abnormal bleeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The all stroke\/neurological death rate in 216 patients treated with heparin and GP IIb\/IIIa inhibitors was 6.0% (13 events) compared 2.4% (8 events) in the 334 patients in the heparin-only control group (p = 0.0430). Two of the 4 neurologically-related deaths in the GP IIb\/IIIa inhibitor group resulted from intracranial hemorrhages; there were no intracranial hemorrhages in the heparin-only group. There was 1 episode of extracranial bleeding in the GP IIb\/IIIa inhibitor group treated with embolization. The incidences of significant puncture-site bleeding requiring transfusion were similar in the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurological complications following percutaneous carotid artery interventions have been relatively few. The neurological sequelae in carotid stent patients receiving glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa inhibitors were more numerous and consequential, which suggests that the use of GP IIb\/IIIa inhibitors in carotid stenting should be discouraged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280301000108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T07:36:15Z","timestamp":1426750575000},"page":"33-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Evaluation of Glycoprotein IIb\/IIIa Inhibitors in Carotid Angioplasty and Stenting"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Michael Henry","family":"Wholey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Interventional Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark Henry","family":"Wholey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Vascular Institute, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustave","family":"Eles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Vascular Institute, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boulis","family":"Toursakissian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chester","family":"Jarmolowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Vascular Institute, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter A.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pittsburgh Vascular Institute, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-152660280301000108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152660289700400402"},{"key":"bibr2-152660280301000108","first-page":"311","volume":"10","author":"Vitek J","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Invasive 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