{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T14:57:45Z","timestamp":1777820265009,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]],"date-time":"2004-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1075593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Endovasc Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare an endovascular technique with a well established surgical approach to achieve long-term occlusions of large porcine arteries while preserving the integrity of periarterial tissue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The femoral arteries in 11 pigs were occluded using surgical techniques on one side and blinded stent-grafts in the contralateral vessel. Feasibility, safety, primary and long-term success, and the extent of vascularization were determined over a 3-month period by conventional angiography and histological analysis. A subgroup of animals (n=5) was treated with a locally administered plasmid coding for vascular endothelial growth factor (pVEGF\n                      <jats:sub>165<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) to compare both occlusion techniques under conditions of collateral growth induction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The primary and long-term success rates for both occlusion models were 100%. Surgical occlusion of arteries resulted in a significant amount of scar dehiscence and local groin infection compared to the endograft-occluded side. There was no significant difference in capillary densities and collateralization of periarterial areas in a comparison of the occlusion technique: the cross-sectional area of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) was 300\u00b124 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      for endovascular occlusion versus 320\u00b123 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      for surgical occlusion (p=0.559). In the profunda femoris artery, respective values were 418\u00b135 and 448\u00b118 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (p=0.474). The local delivery of pVEGF\n                      <jats:sub>165<\/jats:sub>\n                      resulted in a significant increase in collateral growth in both occlusion models with comparable neovascularization: cross-sectional SFA area increased from 310\u00b116 to 428\u00b113 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (p&lt;0.0001); in the PFA, the area increased from 422\u00b119 to 658\u00b149 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (p&lt;0.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovascular arterial occlusions using blinded stent-grafts allow easy and safe creation of long-term occlusions. Previously described collateralization following surgical occlusions was not observed, indicating that those collaterals may be associated with wound healing rather than ischemia. The occlusion of arteries using blinded stent-grafts in pigs may therefore be an appropriate model for assessing the effects of angiogenic factors in vivo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/152660280401100109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,20]],"date-time":"2015-03-20T10:25:20Z","timestamp":1426847120000},"page":"71-79","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of Surgical versus Endovascular Occlusion Models in Pig Femoral Arteries"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Markus G.","family":"Engelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masumi","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaroslav","family":"Pelisek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum, University of M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Golda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choukri","family":"Mekkaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Cardiovasculaire, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fraunberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre H.","family":"Rolland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Cardiovasculaire, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigrid","family":"Nikol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum, University of M\u00fcnster, 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