{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:30:16Z","timestamp":1788953416249,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,10]],"date-time":"2015-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Endovasc Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: To report initial experience with automatic pressure-controlled cerebrospinal fluid drainage (CSFD) during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Methods: A prospective nonrandomized study enrolled 30 consecutive patients (median age 68 years, range 42\u201389; 18 men) who underwent TEVAR between March 2012 and July 2013 and were considered to be at high risk for postoperative spinal cord ischemia (SCI), fulfilling 2 of the following criteria: stent-graft length &gt;20 cm, left subclavian artery coverage, and previous infrarenal aortic repair. All patients received perioperative CSFD via the LiquoGuard system. The protocol aimed for a CSF pressure of 10 mm Hg and duration of CSFD of 3 or 7 days in asymptomatic or symptomatic patients, respectively. Muscle strength of the lower extremities was assessed with the Oxford muscle strength grading scale. Results: Completion of the CSFD protocol was achieved in 26 (87%) of 30 patients. CSFD was prematurely stopped due to catheter dislocation in 1 patient and bloody spinal fluid in 3 patients. CSFD was performed for a median of 3 days (range 1\u20137). Median total CSFD volume was 714 mL (range 13\u20132369), with a median 192 mL drained per 24 hours. The SCI rate was 3% (1\/30). CSFD-related complications were observed in 33% of the patients: 1 fatal intracranial hemorrhage, 3 bloody spinal fluid episodes, 3 persistent CSF leaks requiring epidural blood patch, and 3 post lumbar puncture headaches. Mortality during a median follow-up of 16 months (range 10\u201325) was 3% (1\/30). Conclusion: Prophylactic CSFD was associated with a low SCI rate in a high-risk patient collective undergoing TEVAR. Monitoring and drainage by an automatic modus was feasible, reproducible, and reliable but associated with relevant drainage-associated complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1526602815579904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,19]],"date-time":"2015-05-19T14:51:06Z","timestamp":1432047066000},"page":"368-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Early Experience With Automatic Pressure-Controlled Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Drosos","family":"Kotelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Bianchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular and 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