{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T13:00:05Z","timestamp":1791550805496,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prog Transpl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Postoperative dysphagia leads to aspiration pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, and is associated with increased mortality. We have demonstrated the validity of a bedside targeted swallow evaluation following cardiac surgery. Since dysphagia following liver transplantation is not well examined, we evaluated the efficacy of this swallow screen method in postoperative liver transplant patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective trial involving adult patients who underwent liver transplant surgery at our institution over a 5-month period. Within 24 hours of extubation and prior to the initiation of oral intake, all patients were evaluated using the targeted swallow screen, which is a direct assessment of mental status and laryngeal sensation\/elevation upon swallowing of progressively larger amounts of water. A fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing was requested for failed screenings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study, 50 patients were screened. Twenty (40%) failed the targeted swallow screen, while 18 (90%)\/20 failed the subsequent fiberoptic endoscopic examination (overall dysphagia incidence = 40%). Patients with dysphagia were older and had significantly longer intensive care unit and hospital stays. The screening test had a 90% sensitivity and a specificity of 83% for detecting dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The true incidence of dysphagia following liver transplantation appears to be significantly higher than previously recognized. A simple bedside swallow screen can efficiently screen these patients for dysphagia. Our findings require further validation and may support programs for reduction and early detection of dysphagia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1526924818817035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]],"date-time":"2018-12-05T01:42:00Z","timestamp":1543974120000},"page":"4-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Targeted Swallow Screen for the Detection of Postoperative Dysphagia in Liver Transplant Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Laith","family":"Mukdad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Toppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, 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