{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:19:46Z","timestamp":1777940386509,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Policy, Politics, &amp; Nursing Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of agency nurses offers flexibility in filling registered nurse (RN) openings during times of shortage, yet little is known about their use in specialized palliative care. In an effort to fill this knowledge gap, this study determined whether significant relationships existed between full-time and part-time RN vacancies and the use of agency RNs within specialized hospices that deliver perinatal end-of-life care to women and their families in the event of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or other neonatal complications resulting in death. This study used data from the 2007 National Home and Hospice Care Survey and multivariate regression methods to estimate the association between RN vacancies and agency RNs use. Approximately 13% of perinatal hospices in 2007 used agency nurses. Increases in full-time RN vacancies are associated with a significant increase in the use of agency RNs, while part-time RN vacancies are associated with a significant decrease in agency RNs. These results suggest that full-time agency RNs were used as a supplemental workforce to fill vacancies until the full-time position is recruited. However, for part-time vacancies, the responsibilities of those positions shifted onto existing staff and the position was not filled.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1527154416671711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T20:07:27Z","timestamp":1475093247000},"page":"147-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Using Agency Nurses to Fill RN Vacancies Within Specialized Hospice and Palliative Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Melanie J.","family":"Cozad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Center for Effectiveness Research in Orthopedics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Lindley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandy J.","family":"Mixer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.12.1617"},{"key":"bibr2-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e1717"},{"key":"bibr3-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12018"},{"key":"bibr4-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NNA.0000285119.53066.ae"},{"key":"bibr5-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/002436310803888817"},{"key":"bibr6-1527154416671711","volume-title":"Microeconometrics using STATA","author":"Cameron A.","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr7-1527154416671711","unstructured":"Carnevale, A. P., Smith, N. & Gulish, A. (2015).\n                      Nursing supply and demand through 2020\n                      . Retrieved from https:\/\/cew.georgetown.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/Nursing-Supply-Final.pdf."},{"key":"bibr8-1527154416671711","first-page":"52","volume":"11","author":"D\u2019Almeida M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons"},{"key":"bibr9-1527154416671711","first-page":"79","volume":"6","author":"Grinspun D.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hospital Quarterly"},{"key":"bibr10-1527154416671711","unstructured":"Hospice and Palliative Nurses Association. (2013).\n                      HPNA position statement: Shortage of registered nurses.\n                      Retrieved from http:\/hpna.org\/PicView.aspx?ID=28."},{"key":"bibr11-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004010-200504000-00006"},{"key":"bibr12-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005110-200605000-00020"},{"key":"bibr13-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860611416634"},{"key":"bibr14-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d1808"},{"key":"bibr15-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindley, L. C. & Cozad, M. J. (in press). Nurse knowledge, work environment, and turnover in highly specialized pediatric end-of-life care.\n                      American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine\n                      . doi:10.1177\/1049909116649415.","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909116649415"},{"key":"bibr16-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/ijpn.2013.19.11.535"},{"key":"bibr17-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909113484169"},{"key":"bibr18-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909115575506"},{"key":"bibr19-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2003.00745.x"},{"key":"bibr20-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMC.0000000000000016"},{"key":"bibr21-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/ijpn.2015.21.9.423"},{"key":"bibr22-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.nainr.2007.09.006"},{"key":"bibr23-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0046958013516583"},{"key":"bibr24-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2011.1247"},{"key":"bibr25-1527154416671711","volume-title":"National home and hospice care survey, 2007. 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Retrieved from http:\/\/bhpr.hrsa.gov\/healthworkforce\/supplydemand\/nursing\/workforceprojections\/nursingprojections.pdf."},{"key":"bibr29-1527154416671711","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources and Services Administration. (2010).\n                      The registered nurse population: Findings from the 2008 national sample survey of registered nurses\n                      . Retrieved from http:\/\/bhpr.hrsa.gov\/healthworkforce\/rnsurveys\/rnsurveyfinal.pdf."},{"key":"bibr30-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2008.03.005"},{"key":"bibr31-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NJH.0000000000000167"},{"key":"bibr32-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NNA.0b013e318274b5bc"},{"key":"bibr33-1527154416671711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2011.1297"}],"container-title":["Policy, Politics, &amp; Nursing Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1527154416671711","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1527154416671711","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1527154416671711","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:47:50Z","timestamp":1777700870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1527154416671711"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1527154416671711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1527154416671711","relation":{},"ISSN":["1527-1544","1552-7468"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1527-1544","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-7468","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}}}