{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T10:59:40Z","timestamp":1781175580552,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003653","name":"Korea National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024-ER2103-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-ER2103-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003653","name":"Korea National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2025-NI-025-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-NI-025-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the causative agent of scrub typhus, is endemic to South Korea. While diagnostics such as PCR and immunochromatographic tests (ICT) are widely used, pathogen isolation remains essential for antimicrobial resistance and genetic studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 444 blood samples were collected from febrile patients across 13 hospitals. Among 263 samples identified as scrub typhus-positive by at least one diagnostic method, 99 isolates were successfully cultured. Fisher's exact test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to estimate odds ratios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A positive nested PCR result (odds ratio [OR] = 28.85), clinician\u2019s diagnosis (OR = 16.33), and presence of eschar (OR = 10.95) were strongly associated with successful isolation. Furthermore, delays from blood collection to inoculation significantly impacted outcomes: Isolation success was 41.4% when inoculated within 2 days, but declined to 15.0% after \u22658 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings underscore the importance of prompt sample handling and key clinical indicators in improving\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">O. tsutsugamushi<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolation efficiency for downstream research applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667251396018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T01:57:45Z","timestamp":1763517465000},"page":"117-120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation of\n                    <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi<\/i>\n                    from Human Blood and Factors Effect\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    Isolation in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yeon-Joo","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences &amp; Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seon-Do","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong, Cheongju, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyungsuk","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences &amp; Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon-Sook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Jun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease research, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong, Cheongju, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won-Jong","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea."},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences &amp; Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12639"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2022.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01526-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2014.29.2.253"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01553-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11158\/saa.29.9.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.09-0768"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2012.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0435"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15303667251396018","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667251396018","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667251396018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T10:27:11Z","timestamp":1781173631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15303667251396018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15303667251396018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15303667251396018","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]}}}