{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T00:13:58Z","timestamp":1793146438102,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CK000662-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CK000662-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["NSF-DBI 2016265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSF-DBI 2016265"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne flavi\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">virus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , has circulated in the United States since 1999. In 2025, Florida was home to 24 million people, with projected increases in population and urbanization in a changing climate. The southern house mosquito,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is found in every county, and is a major vector for WNV. Describing shifting WNV transmission risk is important to inform public health and vector control planning.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using published estimates of thermal suitability of WNV transmission by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cx. quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , with climate models and population data, we calculated and mapped baseline and projected county-level transmission suitability and people at risk for 2000, 2030, and 2050. Five general circulation models and two mitigation scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5) were used to explore future trajectories.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, all 67 counties in Florida experienced 5\u20139 months of transmission suitability. Using the year 2000 census estimates, 2.33 million people in 2 counties experienced 9 months, and in 2030, across climate models, 8.93-12.26 million people (10\u201320 counties; SSP2-4.5), and 8.95\u201318.10 million people (11\u201326 counties; SSP5-8.5) are projected to experience 9 or more months of transmission suitability. In 2050, for both SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, 17.08\u201320.42 million people (23\u201326 counties), ranging to approximately 70% of the projected population of Florida will experience 9 or more months. The 10 most populated counties in 2000 are projected to experience 1\u20133 months of additional climate-driven transmission suitability in the future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The southern house mosquito was previously managed as a seasonal nuisance in Florida, but now represents an increasing public health exposure risk. Projections across climate trajectories underscore an increasing suitability and exposure risk for WNV in Florida, ranging as high as around 70% of the population exposed to suitable climate conditions for transmission for 9 or more months of the year in the 2050s. This means the types of operations and number of employees needed in vector control and public health will also increase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667261426902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T08:12:51Z","timestamp":1776845571000},"page":"503-510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Management Implications of Shifting\n                    <i>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/i>\n                    West Nile Virus Transmission Suitability in Florida"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4308-6321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadie J.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography and the Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine A.","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, Department of Geography and the Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.180308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04417-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2017.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","unstructured":"CDC. 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