{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T17:46:32Z","timestamp":1782582392041,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mayaro virus (MAYV), an emerging and endemic arthritogenic alphavirus in tropical regions of South America, represents a growing public health threat and is primarily transmitted by Haemagogus genus mosquitoes. Although MAYV infection typically results in a self-limiting febrile illness, a significant proportion of patients develop chronic musculoskeletal symptoms, notably persistent arthralgia and arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This comprehensive review examines the immunopathogenesis of MAYV infection, focusing on the complex dynamics of innate and adaptive immune responses and the mechanisms contributing to postviral joint inflammation. Particular emphasis is placed on macrophage activation, inflammasome signaling (notably NLRP3), and the intrinsic susceptibility of joint-resident cells, including synoviocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. Furthermore, this review discusses recent evidence of viral persistence within tissue reservoirs as a key driver of chronic pathology and proposes a conceptual model in which MAYV persistence within joint-resident cells sustains chronic NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby driving long-term arthralgia. Additionally, the viral strategies for immune evasion\u2014chiefly mediated by the nonstructural protein nsP2\u2014are discussed in the context of interferon suppression and transcriptional shut-off.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The article provides a critical evaluation of current and developing therapeutic strategies, including antiviral agents such as favipiravir and immunomodulatory agents targeting IL-1\u03b2, tumor necrosis factor, and IL-6 signaling. Understanding the interplay between viral determinants and host immune responses is critical for the rational design of effective interventions against MAYV-induced chronic inflammation and arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667261457378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T14:55:15Z","timestamp":1780930515000},"page":"441-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immunopathogenesis of Mayaro Virus-Induced Chronic Arthritis: From Inflammatory Pathways to Targeted Therapeutic Strategies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Trianha M.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nayarit, Tepic, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan M.","family":"Agraz-Cibrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico Biol\u00f3gicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nayarit, Tepic, Mexico."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6085-855X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Taborda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporaci\u00f3n Universitaria Remington, Medell\u00edn, Colombia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9200-5698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan C.","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medell\u00edn, Colombia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0163-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00541-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081787"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","article-title":"Systemic dissemination, reproductive tissue tropism and gestational stage-dependent placental responses during Mayaro virus infection in a murine model","author":"Ar\u00e9valo AP","year":"2026","unstructured":"Ar\u00e9valo AP, , Perbolianachis P, , P\u00f3rfido JL, et al. Systemic dissemination, reproductive tissue tropism and gestational stage-dependent placental responses during Mayaro virus infection in a murine model. bioRxiv, 2026; doi: 10.64898\/2026.01.04.6932642026.01.04.693264","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.4.2088"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Chikungunya: An emerging rheumatological pandemic","volume":"2","author":"Bilsborrow JB","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bilsborrow JB, , Amaral JK, , Schoen RT. Chikungunya: An emerging rheumatological pandemic? Curr Rheumatol Res, 2021; 2(1):12\u201317; doi: 10.46439\/rheumatology.2.012","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3806"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007934"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9090738"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-55512-8.00036-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-025-03578-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2221-1691.276315"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v8060166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v18010030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15212\/ZOONOSES-2022-0028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123510"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1005586"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","first-page":"523","article-title":"Virus Mayaro, un alphavirus olvidado en Colombia: Posible efecto sobre la salud p\u00fablica","volume":"21","author":"Lozada-Mart\u00ednez I","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lozada-Mart\u00ednez I, , Bola\u00f1o-Romero M, , Arroyo-Salgado B. Virus Mayaro, un alphavirus olvidado en Colombia: Posible efecto sobre la salud p\u00fablica. Archivos de Medicina (Col), 2021; 21(2):523\u2013531.","journal-title":"Archivos de Medicina (Col)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2016.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11030290"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-101416-041808"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","unstructured":"Osorio AFB Arbel\u00e1ez YYH. An\u00c1lisis de factores determinantes para prevenir y detectar enfermedades de vectores en la dorada caldas. n.d."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13060179"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.03612-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2009.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.15.76"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiq006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012374410-4.00627-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16081297"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667261457378","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15303667261457378","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667261457378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T17:18:34Z","timestamp":1782580714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15303667261457378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15303667261457378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15303667261457378","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]}}}