{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:02:14Z","timestamp":1789776134168,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to assess serological exposure and associated risk factors to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. among wildlife professionals in endemic and nonendemic areas of southern Brazil.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum samples were collected from employees of four public institutions involved in wildlife management, including the Igua\u00e7u National Park, City Zoological Garden, City Animal Services, and the State Environmental Institute. Anti-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay using\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leishmania major<\/jats:italic>\n                      promastigotes as antigen. Epidemiological data were analyzed using chi-square tests and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 11\/309 (3.6%) individuals were seropositive to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., with titers ranging from 1:40 to 1:160. Seropositivity was higher among professionals from the Igua\u00e7u National Park (7.4%) from an endemic area and the City Zoological Garden (6.5%) from a nonendemic area. Male participants had increased odds of exposure (OR = 4.08), and veterinarians presented a significantly higher infection rate compared with other occupational categories (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0318).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The findings indicate that wildlife professionals, particularly veterinarians and those working in endemic or wildlife-rich environments, may be at increased risk of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. exposure. The results highlighted the importance of implementing occupational biosafety measures and including these professionals in national leishmaniasis surveillance programs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667261474716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:21:54Z","timestamp":1785406914000},"page":"701-706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occupational Exposure to\n                    <i>Leishmania<\/i>\n                    spp. Among Wildlife Professionals in Endemic and Nonendemic Areas of Southern Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Danilo A.","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Bach Kmetiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Environmental Health, City Secretary of Health, Curitiba, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria Gamboa","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orlei Jos\u00e9 Domingues","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni Augusto Kalempa","family":"Panazzolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovani Marino","family":"F\u00e1vero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helio","family":"Langoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4182-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Welker","family":"Biondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate College in Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Curitiba, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Anonymous. Frontiers | Protecting urban wildlife fauna fighting zoonoses and preventing biophobia in Brazil. n.d. Available from: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/conservation-science\/articles\/10.3389\/fcosc.2025.1554076\/full [Last accessed: November21 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.64.03.281"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33448\/rsd-v10i4.14597"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31204-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1984-29612017001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"143169","article-title":"Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s t\u00e9cnicas de imunofluoresc\u00eancia","volume":"10","author":"Camargo ME.","year":"1974","unstructured":"CamargoME. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s t\u00e9cnicas de imunofluoresc\u00eancia. Rev. Bras. Patol. Clin 1974;10:143169.","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Patol. Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2022.100740"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1466981"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-022-00726-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007484"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1488741"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182017001500"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1326521"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1033803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.712688"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2012.01034.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256534"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.13041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2015.1806"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-023-07862-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-81232023289.15422022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0315-2016"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667261474716","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15303667261474716","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15303667261474716","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:16:40Z","timestamp":1789773400000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15303667261474716"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15303667261474716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15303667261474716","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]}}}