{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T18:10:59Z","timestamp":1789668659626,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU funding within the NextGeneration EU-MUR PNRR Extended Partnership initiative on Emerging Infectious Diseases","award":["project no. PE00000007, INF-ACT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project no. PE00000007, INF-ACT"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Italy hosts a wide diversity of tick species and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs), with documented expansions in their distribution driven by environmental, ecological, and climatic changes. Although numerous studies have investigated their presence, available data remain fragmented and heterogeneous, limiting a comprehensive national overview.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review searched for studies published between January 2000 and December 2022 reporting the presence, prevalence, or geographical distribution of ticks and\/or TBPs in Italy. A two-level screening process was conducted by 24 reviewers working in pairs, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. Eligible studies included primary field investigations on wild or domestic animals, humans, or the environment, with morphological or molecular identification of tick species and laboratory-confirmed detection of TBPs. Data were extracted into a structured database, analyzed using R software, and synthesized descriptively with spatial mapping of tick and pathogen distribution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 12,017 records identified, 356 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting 43 tick species, with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ixodes ricinus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n                      s.l.,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hyalomma marginatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dermacentor marginatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      being the most widely distributed. The most frequently reported pathogens were\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp., and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      s.l. Substantial heterogeneity in study design and geographic coverage limited quantitative comparisons, although the dataset covered 78.5% of Italian provinces. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ticks and TBPs in Italy and identifies priority areas for future surveillance and research within a One Health framework.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667261486266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:20:58Z","timestamp":1789449658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Geographical Distribution of Tick Species and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Italy (2000\u20132022): A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7076-9005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Maioli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia and dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Galletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia and dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Cal\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia and dell\u2019Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Bertola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NRL for Honey Bee Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Bernabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Carta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d\u2019Aosta, Turin, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Casale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Celva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Specialistic Center, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Belluno, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia","family":"Ciuca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria and Valle d\u2019Aosta, Turin, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziana","family":"Da Rold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife Specialistic Center, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Belluno, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Del Lesto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio and della Toscana \u201cM. 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