{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:55Z","timestamp":1792787755561,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/022zknp80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","award":["DK116378, DK109920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK116378, DK109920"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00adh9b73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis are emerging tick-borne bacterial zoonotic diseases resulting from infections with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, respectively, within the family\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasmataceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . These tick-borne pathogens represent a growing public health problem in the United States.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess their seroprevalence and risk factors for infection along the Texas\u2013Mexico border, we conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study using plasma samples obtained from 616 adults residing in Starr County, Texas. Plasma samples were screened for IgG reactivity to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      antigens using a dual-spot indirect immunofluorescent assay. Ticks were also collected from this region and tested for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasmataceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      DNA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seroprevalence was higher for cases of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (10.4%) than\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. (4.8%) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasmataceae<\/jats:italic>\n                      unspecified (6.9%). Age and gender were both significantly associated with seropositivity. PCR testing of the collected ticks revealed a 12.4% (12\/97) positivity for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ehrlichia canis,<\/jats:italic>\n                      all detected in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Brown dog) ticks, but none were positive for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggested that\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      species are endemic in the region and highlighted the need for ongoing surveillance and public health interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15303667261494773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:25:27Z","timestamp":1791869127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of Seroprevalence and the Risk Factors of\n                    <i>Ehrlichia<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Anaplasma<\/i>\n                    Species Along the Texas\u2013Mexico Border"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Fernique H.","family":"Pinder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Tolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Cramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Murry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Leining","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy O.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children\u2019s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A.","family":"Erickson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&amp;M University, College Station, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig L.","family":"Hanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric L.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0648-6828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Gunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children\u2019s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"ACS. United States Census Starr County Texas. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/data.census.gov\/profile\/Starr_County _Texas?g=050XX00US48427 [Last accessed: August14]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2612-2615.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2612.200520"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(95)00904-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21149\/15493"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","unstructured":"CDC. Anaplasmosis 2024 case definition. 2024a. Available from: https:\/\/ndc.services.cdc.gov\/case-definitions\/anaplasmosis-2024\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com [Last accessed: July23 2026]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","unstructured":"CDC. Ehrlichiosis 2024 case definition. 2024b. Available from: https:\/\/ndc.services.cdc.gov\/case-definitions\/ehrlichiosis-2024\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com [Last accessed: July23 2026]."},{"issue":"53","key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary of notifiable diseases\u2013United States, 2000","volume":"49","author":"Centers for Disease C, Prevention","year":"2002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease C, Prevention. Summary of notifiable diseases\u2013United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2002;49(53):i-ixxii\u20131-100.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24875\/BMHIM.22000056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0613"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1525-1578(10)60581-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2021.101788"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.832266"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/524018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","volume-title":"Anaplasma Phagocytophilum","author":"Guzman N","year":"2026","unstructured":"Guzman N, , Yarrarapu SNS, , Beidas SO. Anaplasma Phagocytophilum. 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